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Assimilation of surface reflectance in snow simulations: Impact on bulk snow variables
Journal of Hydrology ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126966
J. Revuelto 1, 2 , B. Cluzet 2 , N. Duran 3 , M. Fructus 2 , M. Lafaysse 2 , E. Cosme 4 , M. Dumont 2
Affiliation  

Data assimilation of snow observations significantly improves the accuracy of snow cover simulations. However, remotely-sensed snowpack observations made in areas of complex topography are typically subject to large error and biases, creating a challenge for data assimilation. To improve the reliability of ensemble snowpack simulations, this study investigated the appropriate conditions for assimilating MODIS-like synthetic surface reflectances. We used a simulation system that included the Particle Filter data assimilation technique. More than 270 ensemble simulations involving assimilation of synthetic observations were conducted in a twin experiment procedure for three snow seasons. These tests were aimed at establishing the spectral combination of MODIS-like reflectances that convey the more information in the assimilation system, rendering the most reliable snowpack simulation, and determining the maximum observation errors that the assimilation system could tolerate. The assimilation of the first seven MODIS-like bands, covering visible and near-infrared wavelengths, provided the best scores compared with any other band combination, and thus are highly recommended for use when possible. The simulation system tolerated a maximum deviation from ground truth of 5% without loss of performance. However, the assimilation of the first seven bands of true MODIS surface of reflectance fails on improving simulation results in rouged mountain areas.



中文翻译:

雪模拟中表面反射率的同化:对大量雪变量的影响

积雪观测的数据同化显着提高了积雪模拟的准确性。然而,在复杂地形区域进行的遥感积雪观测通常会出现较大的误差和偏差,这给数据同化带来了挑战。为了提高集合积雪模拟的可靠性,本研究调查了同化类似 MODIS 的合成表面反射率的适当条件。我们使用了一个包含粒子过滤器数据同化技术的模拟系统。在三个雪季的双实验程序中进行了 270 多个涉及合成观测同化的集合模拟。这些测试旨在建立类似 MODIS 的反射率的光谱组合,以在同化系统中传达更多信息,呈现最可靠的积雪模拟,并确定同化系统可以容忍的最大观测误差。与任何其他波段组合相比,前七个类似 MODIS 的波段(涵盖可见光和近红外波长)的同化提供了最佳分数,因此强烈建议在可能的情况下使用。模拟系统在不损失性能的情况下允许与地面实况的最大偏差为 5%。然而,同化真实 MODIS 表面反射率的前 7 个波段未能改善胭脂红山区的模拟结果。提供与任何其他频段组合相比的最佳分数,因此强烈建议尽可能使用。模拟系统在不损失性能的情况下允许与地面实况的最大偏差为 5%。然而,同化真实 MODIS 表面反射率的前 7 个波段未能改善胭脂红山区的模拟结果。提供与任何其他频段组合相比的最佳分数,因此强烈建议尽可能使用。模拟系统在不损失性能的情况下允许与地面实况的最大偏差为 5%。然而,同化真实 MODIS 表面反射率的前 7 个波段未能改善胭脂红山区的模拟结果。

更新日期:2021-09-27
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