Along the U.S.-Mexico border, an aggressive non-native grass, giant cane (Arundo donax), grows in dense, nearly impenetrable stands along hundreds of kilometers of the Rio Grande/Bravo (RGB). Between 2008 and 2018, a diverse, multisector binational-team repeatedly treated giant cane with prescribed fire and herbicide along 90 km of this binational river to restore aquatic and riparian habitat and native plant community composition. The large geographic scale, binational management response, treatment methods used, and development of a long-term monitoring program to quantify treatment impacts on the RGB's riparian plant community underscore the unique aspects of this effort. Results of this decade-long management experiment indicate that (i) the combination of a primary treatment of giant cane (using prescribed fire followed 4–6 weeks later by herbicide treatment of regrowth) and a secondary treatment (spot treatment of regrowth one or more years following primary treatment) was effective in reducing the extent and distribution of giant cane at relatively low cost, (ii) giant cane re-establishment following treatment is often not rapid, nor dramatic; and (iii) as revealed by analysis of riparian vegetation monitoring data, eradication of dense stands of giant cane have fostered significant and long-term reduction in giant cane cover and recovery of native woody riparian plant taxa. Important caveats to the long-term viability of managing giant cane hinge on better understanding the consequences of herbicide use, securing funding to cover the cost of re-treatment, and continuing river flow management focused on promoting the recovery of native riparian obligate plants over non-natives.

中文翻译：

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窒息：在格兰德河/布拉沃边境地区与入侵的巨型甘蔗作斗争

沿着美墨边境，有一种侵略性的非本地草、巨型藤茎（Arundo donax)，沿着里奥格兰德/布拉沃 (RGB) 数百公里的密林中生长，几乎无法穿透。2008 年至 2018 年间，一个多元化的多部门双边团队在这条双边河流的 90 公里处反复使用规定的火和除草剂处理巨型甘蔗，以恢复水生和河岸栖息地以及本地植物群落组成。大的地理范围、两国管理响应、所使用的处理方法以及用于量化处理对 RGB 河岸植物群落影响的长期监测计划的制定，突出了这项工作的独特之处。这项长达十年的管理实验的结果表明 (i) 将巨型甘蔗的初级处理（使用规定的火，然后在 4-6 周后进行再生长的除草剂处理）和二次处理（对再生长进行一次或多次局部处理）相结合初级治疗后数年）以相对较低的成本有效地减少了巨型手杖的范围和分布，(ii) 治疗后的巨型手杖重建通常不迅速，也不显着；(iii) 对河岸植被监测数据的分析表明，根除密集的巨蔗林促进了巨蔗覆盖率的显着和长期减少，以及河岸原生木本植物类群的恢复。管理巨型甘蔗的长期可行性的重要警告取决于更好地了解使用除草剂的后果，