In forest landscape restoration, one of the key objectives is to improve the water conservation capacity of the deforested land. A rapid, accurate assessment of the effects of the restoration measures on the water conservation capacity of targeted forests can help forest managers to identify the best practices for forest restoration. However, the traditional assessment tools of forest water conservation function lack a description of forest growth, and are featured by complex computation, which fails to evaluate the effects of forest restoration on the regional forest water conservation capacity in an efficient way. To address this issue, through combining the forest restoration evaluation model (equivalent recovery area, ERA), classic forest water storage capacity estimation (total water storage capacity), this study has taken advantage of ENVI/IDL, ArcGIS Engine/C#.Net to develop the Forest and Water Assessment Tool (FWAT) for assessing the changes of the regional forest landscape and the associated forest water conservation capacity in various forest restoration scenarios. This tool has been successfully applied in the Upper Zagunao watershed, a large forested watershed in the Upper Yangtze River basin. According to the assessment, the forest water conservation capacity of the study watershed consistently increased from about 1580.76 t/hm² in 2010 to a projected 2014.34 t/hm² by natural restoration, and 2124.18 t/hm² by artificial restoration by 2030. The artificial restoration measures yield a better effect on forest water conservation function than natural restoration. By 2030, the forest water conservation capacity of artificial restoration scenario is expected to be about 7% higher than that of natural restoration scenario. The FWAT as an efficient tool to assess the effects of forest restoration measures on regional forest water conservation capacity can provide scientific support for the design of forest restoration and management strategies worldwide.

中文翻译：

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开发和应用基于 GIS 的工具来评估森林景观恢复对水源保持能力的影响

在森林景观恢复中，关键目标之一是提高毁林土地的水源涵养能力。快速、准确地评估恢复措施对目标森林的节水能力的影响，可以帮助森林管理者确定森林恢复的最佳实践。然而，传统的森林节水功能评价工具缺乏对森林生长的描述，且计算复杂，无法有效评价森林恢复对区域森林节水能力的影响。针对这一问题，通过结合森林恢复评价模型（等效恢复区，ERA）、经典森林蓄水能力估算（总蓄水能力），本研究利用 ENVI/IDL、ArcGIS Engine/C#.Net 开发了森林和水资源评估工具（FWAT），用于评估区域森林景观的变化以及在各种森林恢复情景下相关的森林保水能力。该工具已成功应用于长江上游流域大型森林流域上杂谷脑流域。根据评估，研究流域的森林保水能力从1580.76 t/hm左右持续增加。长江上游流域的一个大型森林流域。根据评估，研究流域的森林保水能力从1580.76 t/hm左右持续增加。长江上游流域的一个大型森林流域。根据评估，研究流域的森林保水能力从1580.76 t/hm左右持续增加。²在2010年的投影2014.34吨/ HM ²通过自然恢复，和2124.18吨/ HM ²通过人工恢复到2030年的人工恢复措施得到在除自然恢复森林节水功能的效果更佳。到2030年，人工恢复情景的森林保水能力有望比自然恢复情景提高7%左右。FWAT作为评估森林恢复措施对区域森林节水能力影响的有效工具，可为全球森林恢复和管理策略的设计提供科学支持。