A comparative analysis of interaction of various borosilicate glasses with water vapor is carried out in the work. The fundamental dependence of the observed processes on the concentration of alkali metal oxides as well as glass formers B₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ in glass is shown. The relative content of alkali oxides determines which processes dominates. The absence of alkali metal oxides leads to the fact that no hydrated or hydrogenated layers are formed on the surface of the glass. At a concentration of alkali metal oxides above ~15% by weight, hydration of the glass surface is observed as a result of the ion exchange reaction of water protons and alkali ions; the hydrated layer grows with time of hydration according to a parabolic law. However, at a concentration of alkali metal oxides below about 8% weight, the ion exchange reaction stops after formation of a 20 nm thick hydrated layer due to a sharp decrease in the “solubility” of alkalis in a thin water layer adsorbed on the surface due to an increase of pH factor, and due to a radical decrease concentration gradients for Na and H in the glass and in the solution. And then the formation of a hydrogenated layer with the formation of silicon hydroxides in the NaBSi_xO_y molecular complexes is observed. The top surface hydrated layer acts as a source of protons for this reaction. The growth of the hydrogenated layer occurs with time according to a linear-parabolic law.

工作中对各种硼硅酸盐玻璃与水蒸气的相互作用进行了比较分析。观察到的过程对碱金属氧化物以及玻璃形成剂 B ₂ O ₃和 Al ₂ O ₃浓度的基本依赖性在玻璃中显示。碱性氧化物的相对含量决定了哪些过程占主导地位。不存在碱金属氧化物导致在玻璃表面上没有形成水合或氢化层的事实。当碱金属氧化物的浓度高于约 15%（重量）时，由于水质子和碱离子的离子交换反应，可以观察到玻璃表面的水合作用；根据抛物线定律，水合层随着水合时间的增加而增长。然而，当碱金属氧化物的浓度低于约 8% 重量时，由于吸附在表面的薄水层中碱的“溶解度”急剧下降，离子交换反应在形成 20 nm 厚的水合层后停止由于 pH 因子的增加，并且由于玻璃和溶液中 Na 和 H 的浓度梯度急剧下降。然后形成氢化层，在 NaBSi 中形成氢氧化硅观察到_x O _y分子复合物。顶面水合层作为该反应的质子源。根据线性抛物线定律，氢化层的生长随时间而发生。