Ductal stenting is the preferred method of securing adequate pulmonary blood flow in patients with duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. The main limitation in most centers is the difficult vertical tubular or convoluted ducts that represent real challenges to interventional pediatric cardiologists. We present our experience in patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) stenting with some technical tips to overcome difficulties, especially in stenting tortuous or long tubular ducts. This study was conducted on all patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease who underwent PDA stenting between January 2011 and December 2018. We attempted to stent the PDA in 43 patients, with a success rate of 93% (40 patients) and only one procedural mortality. There was also one stent migration that needed to be treated with urgent surgery. Three-fourths of the patients had difficult ductal morphology and origin. One stent was used to cover the PDA in 27 patients (62.8%), two stents were used in 13 (30.2%), and three stents were used in 2 patients (4.6%). In-stent stenosis rate was 12.5% (5 patients) and the development of progressive left pulmonary artery stenosis was seen in two patients (5%). Pulmonary artery growth was adequate in all patients. PDA stenting is an effective method of palliation for patients with duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. It has low morbidity and mortality rates. Stenting difficult ducts have become more feasible with evolving materials and techniques.

中文翻译：

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动脉导管支架术的结果，包括垂直管状和盘绕曲折的导管，重点是技术考虑

导管支架置入术是确保导管依赖性肺循环患者足够肺血流量的首选方法。大多数中心的主要限制是困难的垂直管状或盘状导管，这对介入儿科心脏病专家来说是真正的挑战。我们介绍了我们在动脉导管未闭 (PDA) 支架术中的经验以及一些克服困难的技术技巧，特别是在支架弯曲或长管状导管方面。本研究对 2011 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月期间接受 PDA 支架置入术的所有紫绀型先天性心脏病患者进行。我们尝试在 43 例患者中植入 PDA 支架，成功率为 93%（40 例），只有 1 例手术死亡。还有一个支架移位需要紧急手术治疗。四分之三的患者有困难的导管形态和起源。27例患者（62.8%）使用1个支架覆盖PDA，13例（30.2%）使用2个支架，2例（4.6%）使用3个支架。支架内狭窄率为 12.5%（5 名患者），2 名患者（5%）出现进行性左肺动脉狭窄。所有患者的肺动脉生长良好。PDA支架置入术是导管依赖性肺循环患者姑息治疗的有效方法。它的发病率和死亡率都很低。随着材料和技术的发展，支架困难导管变得更加可行。支架内狭窄率为 12.5%（5 名患者），2 名患者（5%）出现进行性左肺动脉狭窄。所有患者的肺动脉生长良好。PDA支架置入术是导管依赖性肺循环患者姑息治疗的有效方法。它的发病率和死亡率都很低。随着材料和技术的发展，支架困难导管变得更加可行。支架内狭窄率为 12.5%（5 名患者），2 名患者（5%）出现进行性左肺动脉狭窄。所有患者的肺动脉生长良好。PDA支架置入术是导管依赖性肺循环患者姑息治疗的有效方法。它的发病率和死亡率都很低。随着材料和技术的发展，支架困难导管变得更加可行。