Background: Apart from the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), the etiology of the hematologic malignancy Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is not well defined. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are associated with some lymphoproliferative diseases with similarities to HL. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, by searching Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases on March 9, 2021, for studies reporting a measure of association for HBV and HL or HCV and HL. We calculated pooled relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Pooling nine HBV studies with 1,762 HL cases yielded an RR of 1.39 (95% CI, 1.00–1.94) and pooling 15 HCV studies with 4,837 HL cases resulted in an RR of 1.09 (95% CI, 0.88–1.35). Meta-analyzing by study design, hepatitis detection method, and region revealed two subgroups with statistically significant associations—HCV studies that used hospital-based controls and/or were conducted in the West Pacific. No included study assessed age or EBV tumor status in relation to HL. Conclusions: Although we did not find an association between HBV or HCV and HL, research assessing the impact of age and EBV tumor status was lacking. Impact: The effect of HBV or HCV infection in the development of HL remains unclear.

中文翻译：

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霍奇金淋巴瘤是否与乙型和丙型肝炎病毒有关？系统评价和荟萃分析

背景：除 Epstein-Barr 病毒 (EBV) 外，血液系统恶性肿瘤霍奇金淋巴瘤 (HL) 的病因尚不明确。乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 和丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 与一些与 HL 相似的淋巴组织增生性疾病有关。方法：我们于 2021 年 3 月 9 日通过搜索 Embase、MEDLINE 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以寻找报告 HBV 与 HL 或 HCV 与 HL 相关性度量的研究。我们计算了汇总相对风险 (RR) 及其 95% 置信区间 (CI)。结果：将 9 项 HBV 研究与 1,762 例 HL 病例合并后，RR 为 1.39（95% CI，1.00-1.94），将 15 项 HCV 研究与 4,837 例 HL 病例合并后，RR 为 1.09（95% CI，0.88-1.35）。通过研究设计、肝炎检测方法进行荟萃分析，和地区揭示了两个具有统计学显着关联的亚组——使用基于医院的对照和/或在西太平洋进行的 HCV 研究。没有纳入的研究评估与 HL 相关的年龄或 EBV 肿瘤状态。结论：虽然我们没有发现 HBV 或 HCV 与 HL 之间存在关联，但缺乏评估年龄和 EBV 肿瘤状态影响的研究。影响：HBV 或 HCV 感染对 HL 发展的影响仍不清楚。