In the present work, continuous carbon fibre (CCF) reinforced polyamide 6 (PA6) composites were fabricated using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique. The sliding friction and wear behaviour of the printed CCF/PA6 composites was investigated as a function of varying fibre orientations (i.e. normal, parallel, and anti-parallel) and layer deposition directions (i.e. parallel and perpendicular) with respect to the sliding direction. It emerged that fibre orientation played a key role in determining the wear resistance of 3D printed composites. Severe fibre breakage was observed when the orientation of fibre was in normal direction against the sliding direction, associated with a higher wear rate than that obtained in parallel or anti-parallel direction. To better understand the effects of voids on wear mechanism, tribo-tests were further carried out with the specimens that underwent compression moulding (CM) post-treatment process. The results confirmed that the internal defects could cause adverse impacts on wear performance, depending on the fibre orientations. In particular, it was found that fibre distribution, as well as the fibre/matrix interface within the filament, was the crucial parameter affecting the overall tribological performance of the printed structures. The findings add to our understanding of designing and fabricating wear-resistant polymer composites using 3D printing technologies.

在目前的工作中，连续碳纤维 (CCF) 增强聚酰胺 6 (PA6) 复合材料是使用熔融长丝制造 (FFF) 3D 打印技术制造的。研究了打印的 CCF/PA6 复合材料的滑动摩擦和磨损行为，作为相对于滑动方向的不同纤维取向（即垂直、平行和反平行）和层沉积方向（即平行和垂直）的函数。结果表明，纤维取向在决定 3D 打印复合材料的耐磨性方面起着关键作用。当纤维的取向与滑动方向相反时，观察到严重的纤维断裂，与比平行或反平行方向获得的磨损率更高的磨损率相关。为了更好地了解空隙对磨损机制的影响，对经过压缩成型 (CM) 后处理过程的样品进行了进一步的摩擦测试。结果证实，内部缺陷可能会对磨损性能产生不利影响，具体取决于纤维取向。特别是，发现纤维分布以及长丝内的纤维/基质界面是影响印刷结构整体摩擦学性能的关键参数。这些发现加深了我们对使用 3D 打印技术设计和制造耐磨聚合物复合材料的理解。结果表明，纤维分布以及长丝内的纤维/基质界面是影响打印结构整体摩擦学性能的关键参数。这些发现加深了我们对使用 3D 打印技术设计和制造耐磨聚合物复合材料的理解。结果表明，纤维分布以及长丝内的纤维/基质界面是影响打印结构整体摩擦学性能的关键参数。这些发现加深了我们对使用 3D 打印技术设计和制造耐磨聚合物复合材料的理解。