Power system inertia helps the grid to maintain frequency stability. However, as photovoltaic (PV) generation continuously displaces synchronous generators (SGs) and reduces system inertia, it may result in system failure. Virtual inertia control (VIC) technology has drawn increasing attention because it enables PVs to increase system inertia by mimicking the characteristics of SGs. Energy sources are needed to implement the VIC strategy. Energy storage systems (ESS) can be used to provide such energy. However, the high-cost is still hindering its large-scale adoption. Although constant reserve power in PV has recently been proposed as an alternative for ESS, it can cause unnecessary power losses during the PV system working at a stable state. This paper proposes a forecasting-based VIC (FB-VIC) and coordinated reserve strategy. FB-VIC enables the PVs to serve as an alternative inertia supplier without using ESS. PV generation is pre-reserved based on the solar forecasting results, either at PV plant about to be shaded for local curtailment or other unshaded PV plants providing virtual inertia. The coordinated reserve strategy decides how much to reserve at the selected PV plant. It makes the system more robust to forecasting errors. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method can improve system inertia and suppress the frequency variation in a shorter time.

中文翻译：

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基于太阳能预测的孤岛微电网虚拟惯性控制协调频率调节

电力系统惯性有助于电网保持频率稳定。然而，由于光伏 (PV) 发电不断取代同步发电机 (SG) 并降低系统惯性，因此可能会导致系统故障。虚拟惯性控制（VIC）技术越来越受到关注，因为它使光伏通过模仿SG的特性来增加系统惯性。实施维也纳国际中心战略需要能源。能量存储系统（ESS）可用于提供这样的能量。然而，高昂的成本仍然阻碍了它的大规模采用。尽管最近有人提议将 PV 中的恒定储备功率作为 ESS 的替代方案，但它会在 PV 系统工作在稳定状态期间造成不必要的功率损失。本文提出了一种基于预测的 VIC (FB-VIC) 和协调储备策略。FB-VIC 使 PV 能够在不使用 ESS 的情况下充当替代惯性供应商。光伏发电是根据太阳能预测结果预先预留的，无论是在即将被遮蔽以进行局部限电的光伏电站，还是其他提供虚拟惯性的未遮蔽光伏电站。协调储备策略决定在所选光伏电站储备多少。它使系统对预测错误更加鲁棒。仿真结果表明，该方法可以在更短的时间内提高系统惯性并抑制频率变化。协调储备策略决定在所选光伏电站储备多少。它使系统对预测错误更加鲁棒。仿真结果表明，该方法可以在更短的时间内提高系统惯性并抑制频率变化。协调储备策略决定在所选光伏电站储备多少。它使系统对预测错误更加鲁棒。仿真结果表明，该方法可以在更短的时间内提高系统惯性并抑制频率变化。