In this study, Hardox 400 steel used as substrate material was coated through solid media Thermoreactive Diffusion (TRD) method using Ferro Niobium and Ferro Boron powders from carbide forming element powders. Coating was carried out in three different temperatures (950∘C, 1000∘C and 1050∘C) and three different time intervals (1, 2 and 3h). Microstructures of the coated specimens were examined by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD); and hardness values were measured. The effects of coating parameters on coating thickness and hardness were analyzed by ANOVA. In addition, specimens were subjected to wear tests to determine the effect of hardness and coating parameters on wear. In the wear tests, Taguchi test design setup was used. The obtained results were compared with the Hardox 400 steel used under current conditions. It was seen from optical microscope and SEM images that Hardox 400 steel surface could be coated with TRD method depending on coating parameters. The average thickness of NbC–B coating ranged from 1.797μm to 5.596μm under different process temperature and time. Rising the coating time and temperature increased the coating thickness by 311.40%. EDX analysis showed that the coating layer was composed of B, C, Fe and Nb elements, and XRD analysis also showed that the phase in the coating layer is NbC–B. The NbC–B phase was determined to be an important factor in increasing the hardness. The coating hardness is enhanced by 320.80% depending on the coating parameters. Optimum coating thickness, hardness and wear results were obtained from high coating temperature and time. Uncoated Hardox 400 steels were worn out more compared to the coated Hardox 400 steels. The contribution of coating temperature and time to wear resistance was 1.46% and 8.02%, respectively. It was observed that the important parameter for wear volume was the applied load.

中文翻译：

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用TRD法研究NbC-B涂层HARDOX 400钢的组织性能和用田口法评价磨损行为

在这项研究中，作为基体材料的 Hardox 400 钢通过固体介质热反应扩散 (TRD) 方法使用来自碳化物形成元素粉末的铌铁和硼铁粉末进行涂层。涂层在三种不同的温度下进行（950∘C，1000∘C 和1050∘C) 和三个不同的时间间隔（1、2 和 3H）。通过光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDX）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对涂层试样的微观结构进行了检查；并测量硬度值。通过方差分析分析涂层参数对涂层厚度和硬度的影响。此外，对试样进行磨损试验以确定硬度和涂层参数对磨损的影响。在磨损测试中，使用了田口测试设计设置。将获得的结果与当前条件下使用的 Hardox 400 钢进行了比较。从光学显微镜和 SEM 图像可以看出，根据涂层参数，Hardox 400 钢表面可以采用 TRD 方法进行涂层。NbC-B 涂层的平均厚度范围为 1.797μ米至 5.596μm 在不同的工艺温度和时间下。提高涂层时间和温度使涂层厚度增加了 311.40%。EDX分析表明镀层由B、C、Fe和Nb元素组成，XRD分析也表明镀层中的相为NbC-B。NbC-B 相被确定为提高硬度的重要因素。根据涂层参数，涂层硬度提高了 320.80%。通过高涂层温度和时间获得最佳涂层厚度、硬度和磨损结果。与涂层 Hardox 400 钢相比，未涂层 Hardox 400 钢的磨损更大。涂层温度和时间对耐磨性的贡献分别为1.46%和8.02%。据观察，磨损量的重要参数是施加的载荷。