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Moving-habitat models: A numerical approach
Mathematical Biosciences ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2021.108711
Jane S MacDonald 1 , Yves Bourgault 1 , Frithjof Lutscher 2
Affiliation  

As the global climate changes, biological populations have to adapt in place or move in space to stay within their preferred temperature regime. Empirical evidence suggests that shifting speeds of temperature isoclines are location and elevation dependent and may accelerate over time. We present a mathematical tool to study transient behaviour of population dynamics within such moving habitats to discern between populations at high and low risk of extinction. We introduce a system of reaction–diffusion equations to study the impact of varying shifting speeds on the persistence and distribution of a single species. Our model includes habitat dependent movement behaviour and habitat preference of individuals. These assumptions result in a jump in density across habitat types and generalize previous studies. We build and validate a numerical finite difference scheme to solve the resulting equations. Our numerical scheme uses a coordinate system where the location of the moving suitable habitat is fixed in space and a modification of a finite difference scheme to capture the jump in density. We explore a variety of shifting-speed scenarios and contribute insights into the mechanisms that support population persistence through time in shifting habitats. One common finding is that a strong bias for the suitable habitat helps the population persist at faster shifting speeds, yet sustains a smaller total population at slower shifting speeds.



中文翻译:

移动栖息地模型:一种数值方法

随着全球气候的变化,生物种群必须就地适应或在太空中移动以保持在其首选的温度范围内。经验证据表明,温度等倾线的移动速度取决于位置和海拔高度,并且可能随着时间的推移而加速。我们提出了一种数学工具来研究这种移动栖息地中种群动态的瞬态行为,以区分处于高灭绝风险和低灭绝风险的种群。我们引入了一个反应-扩散方程系统来研究不同的移动速度对单个物种的持久性和分布的影响。我们的模型包括依赖栖息地的运动行为和个体的栖息地偏好。这些假设导致不同栖息地类型的密度跳跃,并概括了以前的研究。我们建立并验证了一个数值有限差分方案来求解得到的方程。我们的数值方案使用坐标系,其中移动的合适栖息地的位置在空间中是固定的,并使用有限差分方案的修改来捕捉密度的跳跃。我们探索了各种变化速度的情景,并就在不断变化的栖息地中支持种群持续存在的机制提供了见解。一个常见的发现是,对合适栖息地的强烈偏见有助于种群以更快的移动速度持续存在,但在更慢的移动速度下维持较小的总种群。我们的数值方案使用坐标系,其中移动的合适栖息地的位置在空间中是固定的,并使用有限差分方案的修改来捕捉密度的跳跃。我们探索了各种变化速度的情景,并就在不断变化的栖息地中支持种群持续存在的机制提供了见解。一个常见的发现是,对合适栖息地的强烈偏见有助于种群以更快的移动速度持续存在,但在更慢的移动速度下维持较小的总种群。我们的数值方案使用坐标系,其中移动的合适栖息地的位置在空间中是固定的,并使用有限差分方案的修改来捕捉密度的跳跃。我们探索了各种变化速度的情景,并就在不断变化的栖息地中支持种群持续存在的机制提供了见解。一个常见的发现是,对合适栖息地的强烈偏见有助于种群以更快的移动速度持续存在,但在更慢的移动速度下维持较小的总种群。

更新日期:2021-10-17
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