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Stronger temperature–moisture couplings exacerbate the impact of climate warming on global crop yields
Nature Food ( IF 23.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00341-6
Corey Lesk 1, 2 , Ethan Coffel 3 , Jonathan Winter 4 , Deepak Ray 5 , Jakob Zscheischler 6, 7, 8 , Sonia I Seneviratne 9 , Radley Horton 1
Affiliation  

Rising air temperatures are a leading risk to global crop production. Recent research has emphasized the critical role of moisture availability in regulating crop responses to heat and the importance of temperature–moisture couplings in driving concurrent heat and drought. Here, we demonstrate that the heat sensitivity of key global crops depends on the local strength of couplings between temperature and moisture in the climate system. Over 1970–2013, maize and soy yields dropped more during hotter growing seasons in places where decreased precipitation and evapotranspiration more strongly accompanied higher temperatures, suggestive of compound heat–drought impacts on crops. On the basis of this historical pattern and a suite of climate model projections, we show that changes in temperature–moisture couplings in response to warming could enhance the heat sensitivity of these crops as temperatures rise, worsening the impact of warming by −5% (−17 to 11% across climate models) on global average. However, these changes will benefit crops where couplings weaken, including much of Asia, and projected impacts are highly uncertain in some regions. Our results demonstrate that climate change will impact crops not only through warming but also through changing drivers of compound heat–moisture stresses, which may alter the sensitivity of crop yields to heat as warming proceeds. Robust adaptation of cropping systems will need to consider this underappreciated risk to food production from climate change.



中文翻译:

更强的温度-水分耦合加剧了气候变暖对全球作物产量的影响

气温上升是全球作物生产面临的主要风险。最近的研究强调了水分有效性在调节作物对热量的反应中的关键作用,以及温度-水分耦合在驱动同时出现的高温和干旱中的重要性。在这里,我们证明了全球主要作物的热敏感性取决于气候系统中温度和水分之间耦合的局部强度。1970 年至 2013 年期间,在降水和蒸发量减少更强烈伴随高温的地方,玉米和大豆产量在较炎热的生长季节下降更多,这表明热旱对作物的复合影响。基于这种历史模式和一套气候模型预测,我们表明,随着温度升高,温度 - 水分耦合响应变暖的变化可以增强这些作物的热敏感性,使全球平均变暖的影响恶化-5%(气候模型为-17%至11%)。然而,这些变化将有利于耦合减弱的作物,包括亚洲大部分地区,并且在某些地区预计的影响非常不确定。我们的研究结果表明,气候变化不仅会通过变暖影响作物,还会通过改变复合热湿胁迫的驱动因素影响作物,随着变暖的进行,这可能会改变作物产量对热量的敏感性。作物系统的稳健适应将需要考虑气候变化对粮食生产造成的这种未被充分认识的风险。使全球平均变暖的影响恶化 −5%(跨气候模型为 −17 至 11%)。然而,这些变化将有利于耦合减弱的作物,包括亚洲大部分地区,并且在某些地区预计的影响非常不确定。我们的研究结果表明,气候变化不仅会通过变暖影响作物,还会通过改变复合热湿胁迫的驱动因素影响作物,随着变暖的进行,这可能会改变作物产量对热量的敏感性。作物系统的稳健适应将需要考虑气候变化对粮食生产造成的这种未被充分认识的风险。使全球平均变暖的影响恶化 −5%(跨气候模型为 −17 至 11%)。然而,这些变化将有利于耦合减弱的作物,包括亚洲大部分地区,并且在某些地区预计的影响非常不确定。我们的研究结果表明,气候变化不仅会通过变暖影响作物,还会通过改变复合热湿胁迫的驱动因素影响作物,随着变暖的进行,这可能会改变作物产量对热量的敏感性。作物系统的稳健适应将需要考虑气候变化对粮食生产造成的这种未被充分认识的风险。我们的研究结果表明,气候变化不仅会通过变暖影响作物,还会通过改变复合热湿胁迫的驱动因素影响作物,随着变暖的进行,这可能会改变作物产量对热量的敏感性。作物系统的稳健适应将需要考虑气候变化对粮食生产造成的这种未被充分认识的风险。我们的研究结果表明,气候变化不仅会通过变暖影响作物,还会通过改变复合热湿胁迫的驱动因素影响作物,随着变暖的进行,这可能会改变作物产量对热量的敏感性。作物系统的稳健适应将需要考虑气候变化对粮食生产造成的这种未被充分认识的风险。

更新日期:2021-09-20
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