The perception of phytoremediation is efficiently utilized as an eco-friendly practice of green plants combating and cleaning up the stressed environment without harming it. The industrial revolution was followed by the green revolution which fulfilled the food demands of the growing population caused an increase in yield per unit area in crop production, but it also increased the use of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture. Globally, the intensive use of inorganic fertilizers in agriculture has led to serious health problems and irreversible environmental damage. Biofertilizers improve the growth of the plant and can be applied as an alternative to chemical/synthetic fertilizers. Cyanobacteria, bacteria, and fungi are known as some of the principal microbe groups used to produce biofertilizers that form symbiotic associations with plants. Microorganisms perform a key role in phosphate solubilization and mobilization, nitrogen fixation, nutrient management, biotic elicitors and probiotics, and pollution management (biodegradation agents), specifically bacteria which also help in atmospheric nitrogen fixation and are thus available for the growth of the plant. Management or biodegradation of hazardous chemical residues and heavy metals produced by a huge number of large-scale industries should be given primary importance to be transformed by various bacterial strains, fungi, algae. Currently, modern omics technologies such as metagenomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic are being used to develop strategies for studying the ecology of microorganisms, as well as their use in environmental monitoring and bioremediation. This review briefly discusses some of the major groups of microorganisms that can perform different functions responsible for plant health, crop production, phytoremediation and also focus on the omics techniques reportedly used in environmental monitoring to tackle the pollution load.

植物修复的感知被有效地用作绿色植物对抗和清理压力环境而不伤害它的生态友好实践。工业革命之后是绿色革命，它满足了不断增长的人口的粮食需求，导致单位面积作物产量增加，但也增加了农业中合成肥料的使用。在全球范围内，农业中大量使用无机肥料已导致严重的健康问题和不可逆转的环境破坏。生物肥料可促进植物的生长，并可用作化学/合成肥料的替代品。蓝藻、细菌和真菌是已知的一些主要微生物群，用于生产与植物形成共生关系的生物肥料。微生物在磷酸盐溶解和动员、固氮、养分管理、生物诱导剂和益生菌以及污染管理（生物降解剂）方面发挥着关键作用，特别是细菌，它们也有助于大气固氮，因此可用于植物生长。应优先管理或生物降解大量大型工业产生的有害化学残留物和重金属，通过各种菌株、真菌、藻类进行转化。目前，宏基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学等现代组学技术正被用于制定研究微生物生态学的策略，以及它们在环境监测和生物修复中的应用。