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Orange Trunk Waste-Based Lignin Nanoparticles Encapsulating Curcumin as a Photodynamic Therapy Agent against Liver Cancer
ACS Applied Polymer Materials ( IF 5 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.1c00822
Deyvid de Souza Porto 1, 2 , Bianca Martins Estevão 2 , Paula Maria Pincela Lins 2 , Nathália Cristina Rissi 2 , Valtencir Zucolotto 2 , Maria Fátima G. F. da Silva 1
Affiliation  

Orange wood biomass is an interesting lignocellulosic material, but its lignin has been little explored. As a structural macromolecule present in the plant cell wall, lignin has been used in nanoencapsulation and nanomedicine, standing out as a good drug carrier. In this study, lignin was extracted by soda pulping process and used to produce nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation and subsequent application in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvent shifting process and characterized with UV–vis, fluorescence, dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The lignin was soluble in organic solvent and presented an extraction yield of 20.6 ± 2%. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and NMR signals showed that the lignin presents hardwood-type characteristics. The lignin nanoparticles were easily obtained and presented average sizes of 284 ± 60, 287 ± 60, and 502 ± 100 nm for pure lignin, 1% curcumin, and 5% curcumin nanoparticles, respectively. They exhibited a negative ζ-potential of about −42 ± 5 mV. The formulations were evaluated for 30 days and remained stable in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The curcumin encapsulation yields were high, above 90% in all formulations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the nanoparticles are spherical and homogeneous. Studies using hepatocarcinoma (HTC) and HepaRG cells showed that the lignin nanoparticles were nontoxic within 4 h of incubation, and for nanoparticles containing 5% curcumin, toxicity was observed upon application of light in PDT experiments.

中文翻译:

基于橙色树干废物的木质素纳米颗粒包裹姜黄素作为抗肝癌的光动力治疗剂

橙木生物质是一种有趣的木质纤维素材料,但对其木质素的研究却很少。作为存在于植物细胞壁中的结构大分子,木质素已被用于纳米封装和纳米医学,是一种很好的药物载体。在这项研究中,木质素是通过苏打制浆工艺提取的,并用于生产用于姜黄素封装和随后应用于光动力疗法 (PDT) 的纳米颗粒。纳米粒子是通过溶剂转移过程合成的,并用紫外-可见光、荧光、动态光散射 (DLS)、ζ 电位和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 进行表征。木质素可溶于有机溶剂,提取率为 20.6±2%。傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱和核磁共振信号表明木质素呈现硬木型特征。木质素纳米颗粒很容易获得,纯木质素、1% 姜黄素和 5% 姜黄素纳米颗粒的平均尺寸分​​别为 284±60、287±60 和 502±100 nm。它们表现出约 -42 ± 5 mV 的负 ζ 电位。对制剂进行评估 30 天并在磷酸盐缓冲盐水 (PBS) 中保持稳定。姜黄素包封率很高,在所有配方中都超过 90%。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示纳米颗粒呈球形且均质。使用肝癌 (HTC) 和 HepaRG 细胞的研究表明,木质素纳米颗粒在孵育 4 小时内是无毒的,对于含有 5% 姜黄素的纳米颗粒,在 PDT 实验中应用光时观察到毒性。纯木质素、1% 姜黄素和 5% 姜黄素纳米颗粒分别为 287 ± 60 和 502 ± 100 nm。它们表现出约 -42 ± 5 mV 的负 ζ 电位。对制剂进行评估 30 天并在磷酸盐缓冲盐水 (PBS) 中保持稳定。姜黄素包封率很高,在所有配方中都超过 90%。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示纳米颗粒呈球形且均质。使用肝癌 (HTC) 和 HepaRG 细胞的研究表明,木质素纳米颗粒在孵育 4 小时内是无毒的,对于含有 5% 姜黄素的纳米颗粒,在 PDT 实验中应用光时观察到毒性。纯木质素、1% 姜黄素和 5% 姜黄素纳米颗粒分别为 287 ± 60 和 502 ± 100 nm。它们表现出约 -42 ± 5 mV 的负 ζ 电位。对制剂进行评估 30 天并在磷酸盐缓冲盐水 (PBS) 中保持稳定。姜黄素包封率很高,在所有配方中都超过 90%。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示纳米颗粒呈球形且均质。使用肝癌 (HTC) 和 HepaRG 细胞的研究表明,木质素纳米颗粒在孵育 4 小时内是无毒的,对于含有 5% 姜黄素的纳米颗粒,在 PDT 实验中应用光时观察到毒性。对制剂进行评估 30 天并在磷酸盐缓冲盐水 (PBS) 中保持稳定。姜黄素包封率很高,在所有配方中都超过 90%。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示纳米颗粒呈球形且均质。使用肝癌 (HTC) 和 HepaRG 细胞的研究表明,木质素纳米颗粒在孵育 4 小时内是无毒的,对于含有 5% 姜黄素的纳米颗粒,在 PDT 实验中应用光时观察到毒性。对制剂进行评估 30 天并在磷酸盐缓冲盐水 (PBS) 中保持稳定。姜黄素包封率很高,在所有配方中都超过 90%。扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 图像显示纳米颗粒呈球形且均质。使用肝癌 (HTC) 和 HepaRG 细胞的研究表明,木质素纳米颗粒在孵育 4 小时内是无毒的,对于含有 5% 姜黄素的纳米颗粒,在 PDT 实验中应用光时观察到毒性。
更新日期:2021-10-08
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