Metal phosphides have great potential for electrochemical energy-storage devices and electrocatalysis. Although monometallic and bimetallic phosphides have been extensively studied, the preparation of more complex metal phosphides remains challenging and it is necessary to further expand the available design space. Herein, we report a universal method to dope various metal cations into NiCoP nanocages (M-NiCoP, M = Al, Cu, Cr, Zn). Interestingly, the method can also be expanded to allow the incorporation of two to four metal dopants simultaneously (AlCu-NiCoP, AlZn-NiCoP, CrZn-NiCoP, AlCrCu-NiCoP, AlCrCuZn-NiCoP). To investigate the effect of incorporating multiple dopants, AlCu-NiCoP was used as the electrode material for supercapacitors, showing enhanced capacity and cycling stability compared to Al-NiCoP, Cu-NiCoP, and NiCoP electrodes. The superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the increased number of active sites, improved ion-diffusion kinetics, and a modulated electronic structure. An aqueous hybrid supercapacitor with AlCu-NiCoP as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode was assembled and demonstrated a high energy density of 62.8 Wh kg^–1 at a power density of 750 W kg^–1 with good cycling stability.

中文翻译：

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用于高性能混合超级电容器的掺杂多种金属的 NiCoP 纳米笼的沸石咪唑骨架牺牲模板辅助合成

金属磷化物在电化学储能装置和电催化方面具有巨大的潜力。尽管已经对单金属和双金属磷化物进行了广泛的研究，但制备更复杂的金属磷化物仍然具有挑战性，有必要进一步扩大可用的设计空间。在此，我们报告了一种将各种金属阳离子掺杂到 NiCoP 纳米笼（M-NiCoP，M = Al、Cu、Cr、Zn）中的通用方法。有趣的是，该方法还可以扩展为允许同时加入两到四种金属掺杂剂（AlCu-NiCoP、AlZn-NiCoP、CrZn-NiCoP、AlCrCu-NiCoP、AlCrCuZn-NiCoP）。为了研究掺入多种掺杂剂的效果，AlCu-NiCoP 被用作超级电容器的电极材料，与 Al-NiCoP、Cu-NiCoP 和 NiCoP 电极相比，显示出更高的容量和循环稳定性。优异的电化学性能归因于活性位点数量的增加、离子扩散动力学的改善和调制的电子结构。组装了以 AlCu-NiCoP 为正极、活性炭为负极的水性混合超级电容器，其能量密度高达 62.8 Wh kg^–1在 750 W kg ^–1的功率密度下具有良好的循环稳定性。