Nitrones are potent antioxidant molecules able to reduce oxidative stress by trapping reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The antioxidant potential of nitrones has been extensively tested in multiple models of human diseases. Sensorineural hearing loss has a heterogeneous etiology, genetic alterations, aging, toxins or exposure to noise can cause damage to hair cells at the organ of Corti, the hearing receptor. Noxious stimuli share a battery of common mechanisms by which they cause hair cell injury, including oxidative stress, the generation of free radicals and redox imbalance. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress-mediated hearing loss has been the subject of much attention. Here we review the chemistry of nitrones, the existing literature on their use as antioxidants and the general state of the art of antioxidant treatments for hearing loss.

中文翻译：

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使用自由基氧物种清除剂硝酮治疗氧化应激介导的听力损失：最新技术和挑战。

硝酮是有效的抗氧化剂分子，能够通过捕获活性氧和氮物质来减少氧化应激。硝酮的抗氧化潜力已在多种人类疾病模型中得到广泛测试。感音神经性听力损失具有异质性病因、遗传改变、衰老、毒素或暴露于噪音可导致听觉受体 Corti 器官的毛细胞受损。有害刺激具有一系列共同的机制，它们通过这些机制导致毛细胞损伤，包括氧化应激、自由基的产生和氧化还原失衡。因此，针对氧化应激介导的听力损失一直是备受关注的主题。在这里，我们回顾了硝酮的化学性质、关于它们用作抗氧化剂的现有文献以及听力损失抗氧化剂治疗的一般技术状态。