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A retrospective, observational study on medication for opioid use disorder during pregnancy and risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Family Practice ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-03-24 , DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmab121
Ayesha Sujan 1 , Emma Cleary 2 , Edie Douglas 3 , Rubin Aujla 3 , Lisa Boyars 3 , Claire Smith 3 , Constance Guille 3, 4
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVES The prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) among pregnant women is increasing. Research consistently demonstrates the efficacy of medications for OUD (MOUD); however, researchers have called for additional studies evaluating the safety of MOUD during pregnancy, particularly the relative safety of two commonly used MOUD medications-methadone and buprenorphine. This study aimed to evaluate the consequences of MOUD exposure during pregnancy on risk for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). METHODS In a clinical sample of infants born to women with OUD, we evaluated the risk of NAS among those exposed to (i) methadone and (ii) buprenorphine compared with those unexposed to MOUD, as well as the risk of NAS among those exposed to (i) methadone compared with those exposed to (ii) buprenorphine. RESULTS Compared with buprenorphine-exposed infants (n = 37), methadone-exposed infants (n = 27) were at increased risk for NAS (odds ratio [OR] = 4.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 21.17). Compared with unexposed infants (n = 43), buprenorphine-exposed infants were at decreased risk for NAS (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.39) and methadone-exposed infants were at increased risk for NAS (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 0.79, 8.76), though these associations were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that when methadone and buprenorphine are equally appropriate options for the treatment of OUD in pregnant women, buprenorphine may add the additional benefit of reduced risk of newborn NAS.

中文翻译:

一项关于妊娠期阿片类药物使用障碍和新生儿戒断综合征风险的回顾性观察研究。

目的 孕妇中阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的患病率正在增加。研究一致证明了 OUD (MOUD) 药物的功效;然而,研究人员呼吁进行更多的研究来评估怀孕期间 MOUD 的安全性,特别是两种常用的 MOUD 药物美沙酮和丁丙诺啡的相对安全性。本研究旨在评估妊娠期间 MOUD 暴露对新生儿戒断综合征 (NAS) 风险的影响。方法 在 OUD 女性所生婴儿的临床样本中,我们评估了暴露于 (i) 美沙酮和 (ii) 丁丙诺啡与未暴露于 MOUD 的婴儿的 NAS 风险,以及暴露于 MOUD 的婴儿的 NAS 风险。 (i) 美沙酮与暴露于 (ii) 丁丙诺啡的相比。结果 与接触丁丙诺啡的婴儿 (n = 37) 相比,接触美沙酮的婴儿 (n = 27) 的 NAS 风险增加(优势比 [OR] = 4.67, 95% 置信区间 [CI]: 1.03, 21.17)。与未接触过的婴儿(n = 43)相比,接触过丁丙诺啡的婴儿患 NAS 的风险降低(OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.39),接触过美沙酮的婴儿患 NAS 的风险增加(OR = 2.64, 95) % CI:0.79, 8.76),尽管这些关联没有统计学意义。结论 我们的研究表明,当美沙酮和丁丙诺啡同样适合治疗孕妇 OUD 时,丁丙诺啡可能会增加降低新生儿 NAS 风险的额外益处。与未接触过的婴儿(n = 43)相比,接触过丁丙诺啡的婴儿患 NAS 的风险降低(OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.39),接触过美沙酮的婴儿患 NAS 的风险增加(OR = 2.64, 95) % CI:0.79, 8.76),尽管这些关联没有统计学意义。结论 我们的研究表明,当美沙酮和丁丙诺啡同样适合治疗孕妇 OUD 时,丁丙诺啡可能会增加降低新生儿 NAS 风险的额外益处。与未接触过的婴儿(n = 43)相比,接触过丁丙诺啡的婴儿患 NAS 的风险降低(OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.39),接触过美沙酮的婴儿患 NAS 的风险增加(OR = 2.64, 95) % CI:0.79, 8.76),尽管这些关联没有统计学意义。结论 我们的研究表明,当美沙酮和丁丙诺啡同样适合治疗孕妇 OUD 时,丁丙诺啡可能会增加降低新生儿 NAS 风险的额外益处。
更新日期:2021-09-19
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