One of the ultimate goals of environmental exposure science is to mechanistically understand how chemical properties and human behavior interactively determine human exposure to the wide spectrum of chemicals present in the environment. This comprehensive review assembles state-of-the-art knowledge of the role of partitioning, dissociation, mass transfer, and reactive properties in human contact with and absorption of organic chemicals via oral, dermal, and respiratory routes. Existing studies have revealed that chemicals with different properties vary greatly in mass distribution and occurrence among multiple exposure media, resulting in distinct patterns of human intake from the environment. On the other hand, these chemicals encounter different levels of resistance in the passage of intestinal, dermal, and pulmonary absorption barriers and demonstrate different levels of bioavailability, due to the selectivity of biochemical, anatomical and physiological structures of these absorption barriers. Moving forward, the research community needs to gain more in-depth mechanistic insights into the complex processes in human exposure, advance the technique to better characterize and predict chemical properties, generate and leverage experimental data for a more diverse range of chemicals, and describe better the interactions between chemical properties and human behavior.

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新兴研究者系列：化学特性在人类暴露于环境化学品中的作用

环境暴露科学的最终目标之一是从机制上理解化学特性和人类行为如何相互作用地决定人类暴露于环境中存在的广泛化学物质。这篇综合评论汇集了关于分配、解离、传质和人类接触和吸收有机化学品的反应特性的最新知识，通过口服、皮肤和呼吸途径。现有研究表明，具有不同特性的化学物质在多种暴露介质中的质量分布和发生率差异很大，导致人类从环境中摄入的不同模式。另一方面，由于这些吸收屏障的生化、解剖和生理结构的选择性，这些化学物质在通过肠道、皮肤和肺部吸收屏障时会遇到不同程度的阻力，并表现出不同程度的生物利用度。展望未来，研究界需要对人类暴露的复杂过程获得更深入的机械见解，推进技术以更好地表征和预测化学性质，生成和利用更多化学物质的实验数据，