Comparison of green and chemical precipitation method syntheses of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed, and antimicrobial properties were investigated. Avocado, mango, and papaya fruit extracts were carried out for the green synthesising methods, while the chemical precipitation method was chosen from chemical synthesis methods. Zinc nitrate was used as a salt precursor, whereas leaf extract was served as a reducing agent for green synthesising methods. In addition, sodium hydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and potassium hydroxide were used as reducing agents in the case of chemical precipitation synthesis methods. ZnO NPs were characterised by characterizing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activities of prepared nanoparticles were evaluated on Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The particle sizes of the prepared samples which were evaluated by the Scherrer equation were in the range of 11-21 nm for green synthesis, while 30-40 nm for chemical precipitation synthesis methods. Small agglomerations were observed from SEM results of prepared ZnO NPs from both methods. Prepared ZnO NPs were showed strong antimicrobial properties. From the result, the inhibition zone was in the range of 15-24 mm for the green route and 7–15 mm for chemical precipitation methods, where the standard drugs have 25 mm of the zone of inhibition. A green synthesised method of preparing ZnO NPs gives promising antimicrobial properties compared to chemical synthesis and is also eco-friendly and safe compared to the chemical synthesis.

中文翻译：

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制备氧化锌纳米颗粒的绿色与化学沉淀方法及抗菌性能研究

对氧化锌纳米颗粒 (ZnO NPs) 的绿色和化学沉淀法合成进行了比较，并研究了其抗菌性能。绿色合成方法采用鳄梨、芒果和木瓜果实提取物，化学合成方法选用化学沉淀法。硝酸锌用作盐前体，而叶提取物用作绿色合成方法的还原剂。此外，在化学沉淀合成方法的情况下，氢氧化钠、聚乙烯醇和氢氧化钾用作还原剂。通过傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR)、X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等表征技术对 ZnO NP 进行表征。枯草芽孢杆菌( B. subtilis )、金黄色葡萄球菌( S. aureus ) 和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌( S. typhimurium)）。所制备样品的粒径通过谢乐方程评价，绿色合成的粒径范围为11-21 nm，而化学沉淀合成法的粒径范围为30-40 nm。从两种方法制备的 ZnO NPs 的 SEM 结果观察到小的团聚。制备的 ZnO NPs 显示出很强的抗菌性能。从结果来看，绿色路线的抑菌圈在 15-24 mm 的范围内，化学沉淀法的抑菌圈在 7-15 mm 的范围内，其中标准药物有 25 mm 的抑菌圈。与化学合成相比，制备 ZnO NPs 的绿色合成方法具有有希望的抗菌性能，并且与化学合成相比也环保和安全。