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Behavior of metallic fast reactor fuels during an overpower transient
Journal of Nuclear Materials ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153304
Daniel M. Wachs 1 , Luca Capriotti 2 , Douglas Porter 1
Affiliation  

A slow-ramp (0.1%/s), extended overpower (∼32%) transient was conducted in the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) on 19 metallic alloy fuel elements, including both binary (U-Zr) and ternary (U-Pu-Zr) fuel designs. The elements were clad in either Type 316 SS or HT9. Before the transient, the elements were pre-irradiated under steady-state or steady-state plus duty-cycle (periodic 15% overpower transient) conditions in various EBR-II sub-assemblies and reached burnups ranging from ∼5 to ∼12 at%. The fuel pins were then consolidated into the X512 sub-assembly for the overpower transient. Cladding integrity was maintained for all fuel pins throughout the entirety of normal operation and the overpower transient test. Post-irradiation examination (PIE) demonstrated that mild restructuring was evident within the fuel phase. However, these changes were not significant enough to expect changes in irradiation performance under normal operating conditions if the fuel elements were returned to service. These results empirically validate that limits on sodium fast reactor operational transients (e.g. power ramps) could be applied with adequate safety margins to fuel failure or non-reversible damage.



中文翻译:

金属快堆燃料在超功率瞬态期间的行为

在实验增殖反应堆-II (EBR-II) 中对 19 种金属合金燃料元件进行了缓慢斜坡 (0.1%/s)、扩展超功率 (~32%) 瞬变,包括二元 (U-Zr) 和三元(U-Pu-Zr) 燃料设计。元件采用 316 型 SS 或 HT9 包覆。在瞬态之前,在各种 EBR-II 子组件中的稳态或稳态加占空比(周期性 15% 过功率瞬态)条件下对元件进行预辐照,并达到约 5 到约 12 at% 的燃耗. 然后将燃料细棒合并到 X512 子组件中,用于超功率瞬态。在整个正常运行和超功率瞬态测试过程中,所有燃料细棒的包层完整性都得到了保持。辐照后检查 (PIE) 表明,在燃料阶段,轻微的重组是明显的。然而,如果燃料元件恢复使用,这些变化不足以预期在正常运行条件下辐照性能会发生变化。这些结果凭经验验证了钠快堆运行瞬变的限制(例如功率斜坡)可以以足够的安全裕度应用于燃料故障或不可逆转的损坏。

更新日期:2021-09-27
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