Male mating success depends on various traits and factors, and correctly identifying these traits can be key in the context of pest management. For tephritid pests, controlled through the sterile insect technique (SIT) traits, such as male size, can be manipulated through mass-rearing procedures. Thus, it is particularly important to understand whether male size can favor mating success. Here, we evaluated mating success of males of different sizes in Anastrepha ludens and Anastrepha obliqua, two species controlled through SIT. For both species, a morphometric analysis was performed of mated and unmated mass-reared and wild males in field cages. In both A. ludens and A. obliqua, wild females did not discriminate their mates based on male size and mated more frequently with wild males regardless of size. For mass-reared males, we found no evidence of an advantage of the large males compared to small males in mating success. However, we did find differences between the morphometric traits of mass-reared and wild males. In A. ludens, traits associated to mating success were Face Width (FW), Head Width (HW), Thorax Length (TL) and Wing Length (WL), and for A. obliqua were FW, HW, WL and WW (Wing Width). Overall, FW and TL were more consistent predictors of mating success. In conclusion, female choice seems to suggest multivariate selection, confirming that overall body size (expressed as pupal diameter, which is highly correlated with weight) is not a decisive factor in male mating success in these two species. However, morphological traits such as FW, HW, TL, WL and WW may be relevant in mating preference of wild female.

雄性交配的成功取决于各种特征和因素，正确识别这些特征可能是害虫管理的关键。对于 tephritid 害虫，可以通过大规模饲养程序来控制通过昆虫不育技术 (SIT) 性状（例如雄性大小）控制的性状。因此，了解雄性体型是否有利于交配成功尤为重要。在这里，我们评估了通过 SIT 控制的两个物种Anastrepha ludens和Anastrepha obliqua中不同大小的雄性的交配成功率。对于这两个物种，对野外笼中已交配和未交配的大规模饲养和野生雄性进行了形态测量分析。在A. ludens和A. obliqua, 野生雌性并没有根据雄性大小来区分它们的配偶，而是更频繁地与野生雄性交配，无论大小。对于大规模饲养的雄性，我们没有发现与小型雄性相比，大型雄性在交配成功方面具有优势的证据。然而，我们确实发现了大规模饲养和野生雄性的形态特征之间的差异。在A. ludens中，与交配成功相关的特征是面宽 (FW)、头宽 (HW)、胸长 (TL) 和翼长 (WL)，对于A. obliqua分别为 FW、HW、WL 和 WW（机翼宽度）。总体而言，FW 和 TL 是更一致的交配成功预测指标。总之，雌性选择似乎暗示了多变量选择，证实整体体型（以蛹直径表示，与体重高度相关）不是这两个物种雄性交配成功的决定性因素。然而，FW、HW、TL、WL 和 WW 等形态特征可能与野生雌性的交配偏好有关。