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Mobility in post-pandemic economic reopening under social distancing guidelines: Congestion, emissions, and contact exposure in public transit
Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.005
Ding Wang 1 , Mohammad Tayarani 2, 3 , Brian Yueshuai He 1, 4 , Jingqin Gao 1 , Joseph Y J Chow 1 , H Oliver Gao 2, 3 , Kaan Ozbay 1
Affiliation  

COVID-19 has raised new challenges for transportation in the post-pandemic era. The social distancing requirement, with the aim of reducing contact risk in public transit, could exacerbate traffic congestion and emissions. We propose a simulation tool to evaluate the trade-offs between traffic congestion, emissions, and policies impacting travel behavior to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 including social distancing and working from home. Open-source agent-based simulation models are used to evaluate the transportation system usage for the case study of New York City. A Post Processing Software for Air Quality (PPS-AQ) estimation is used to evaluate the air quality impacts. Finally, system-wide contact exposure on the subway is estimated from the traffic simulation output. The social distancing requirement in public transit is found to be effective in reducing contact exposure, but it has negative congestion and emission impacts on Manhattan and neighborhoods at transit and commercial hubs. While telework can reduce congestion and emissions citywide, in Manhattan the negative impacts are higher due to behavioral inertia and social distancing. The findings suggest that contact exposure to COVID-19 on subways is relatively low, especially if social distancing practices are followed. The proposed integrated traffic simulation models and air quality estimation model can help policymakers evaluate the impact of policies on traffic congestion and emissions as well as identifying hot spots, both temporally and spatially.



中文翻译:

社会疏离准则下大流行后经济重新开放的流动性:公共交通中的拥堵、排放和接触暴露

COVID-19 对后大流行时代的交通提出了新的挑战。社会疏远要求旨在减少公共交通中的接触风险,可能会加剧交通拥堵和排放。我们提出了一个模拟工具来评估交通拥堵、排放和影响旅行行为的政策之间的权衡,以减轻 COVID-19 的传播,包括社会距离和在家工作。基于开源代理的仿真模型用于评估纽约市案例研究的交通系统使用情况。空气质量后处理软件 (PPS-AQ) 估算用于评估空气质量影响。最后,根据交通模拟输出估计地铁上的全系统接触暴露。研究发现,公共交通中的社交距离要求可有效减少接触风险,但它对曼哈顿以及交通和商业中心的社区产生了负面的拥堵和排放影响。虽然远程办公可以减少全市的拥堵和排放,但在曼哈顿,由于行为惰性和社会距离,负面影响更大。研究结果表明,在地铁上接触 COVID-19 的几率相对较低,尤其是在遵守社交距离措施的情况下。所提出的综合交通模拟模型和空气质量估计模型可以帮助决策者评估政策对交通拥堵和排放的影响,以及识别时间和空间上的热点。但它对曼哈顿以及交通和商业中心的社区产生了负面的拥堵和排放影响。虽然远程办公可以减少全市的拥堵和排放,但在曼哈顿,由于行为惰性和社会距离,负面影响更大。研究结果表明,在地铁上接触 COVID-19 的几率相对较低,尤其是在遵守社交距离措施的情况下。所提出的综合交通模拟模型和空气质量估计模型可以帮助决策者评估政策对交通拥堵和排放的影响,以及识别时间和空间上的热点。但它对曼哈顿以及交通和商业中心的社区产生了负面的拥堵和排放影响。虽然远程办公可以减少全市的拥堵和排放,但在曼哈顿,由于行为惰性和社会距离,负面影响更大。研究结果表明,在地铁上接触 COVID-19 的几率相对较低,尤其是在遵守社交距离措施的情况下。所提出的综合交通模拟模型和空气质量估计模型可以帮助决策者评估政策对交通拥堵和排放的影响,以及识别时间和空间上的热点。研究结果表明,在地铁上接触 COVID-19 的几率相对较低,尤其是在遵守社交距离措施的情况下。所提出的综合交通模拟模型和空气质量估计模型可以帮助决策者评估政策对交通拥堵和排放的影响,以及识别时间和空间上的热点。研究结果表明,在地铁上接触 COVID-19 的几率相对较低,尤其是在遵守社交距离措施的情况下。所提出的综合交通模拟模型和空气质量估计模型可以帮助决策者评估政策对交通拥堵和排放的影响,以及识别时间和空间上的热点。

更新日期:2021-09-20
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