Bacterial biofilms cost an enormous amount of resources in the health, medical, and industrial sectors. To understand early biofilm formation, beginning from planktonic states of active suspensions (such as Escherichia coli) to micro-colonization, it is vital to study the mechanics of cell accumulation near surfaces and subsequent deposition. Variability in bacterial motion strategies and the presence of taxis fields make the problem even more multifaceted. In this study, analytical expressions for the density and angular distributions, mean orientation, and deposition rates in such bacterial suspensions are derived, with and without the effects of external guiding or taxis fields. The derived results are closely verified by simulations of confined active particles using run-and-tumble statistics from multiple past experiments and utilizing a preferential sticking probability model for deposition. The behavioral changes in cell running strategies are modeled by varying the run-time distribution from an exponential to a heavy-tailed one. It is found that the deposition rates can be altered significantly by a guiding torque but are less affected by a change in the cell running behavior. However, both the mechanisms alter the pair correlation function of the deposited structures. The factor behind the changes in the architecture of deposited biomass under a torque generating guiding field turns out to be an asymmetrical rotational drift of planktonic cells, which can be an important physical mechanism behind the organization in confined active particle suspensions.

中文翻译：

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引导运行和翻滚活性粒子：壁积聚和优先沉积

细菌生物膜在健康、医疗和工业领域花费了大量资源。了解早期生物膜形成，从活性悬浮液（如大肠杆菌）的浮游状态开始) 对于微定植，研究表面附近细胞积累和随后沉积的机制至关重要。细菌运动策略的可变性和出租车领域的存在使问题更加多方面。在这项研究中，导出了这种细菌悬浮液的密度和角度分布、平均方向和沉积率的解析表达式，有和没有外部引导或出租车场的影响。通过使用来自多个过去实验的运行和翻滚统计数据并利用优先粘附概率模型进行沉积，通过对受限活性粒子的模拟来密切验证得出的结果。细胞运行策略的行为变化是通过将运行时间分布从指数变化到重尾分布来建模的。发现沉积速率可以通过引导扭矩显着改变，但受电池运行行为变化的影响较小。然而，这两种机制都改变了沉积结构的对相关函数。在产生扭矩的引导场下沉积生物质结构变化背后的因素原来是浮游细胞的不对称旋转漂移，这可能是密闭活性颗粒悬浮液组织背后的重要物理机制。