One of the most important issues in improving the competitiveness of the fish production sector is to improve the growth rate of fish. The genetic background to this trait is at present poorly understood. In this study, we compared the relative gene expression levels of the Akt1s1, FGF, GH, IGF1, MSTN, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR5 genes in blood in groups of common carps (Cyprinus carpio), which belonged to different growth types and phenotypes. Fish were divided into groups based on growth rate (normal group: n = 6; slow group: n = 6) and phenotype (scaled group: n = 6; mirror group: n = 6). In the first 18 weeks, we measured significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups in terms of body weight and body length. Over the next 18 weeks, the fish in the slow group showed more intense development. In the same period, the slow group was characterized by lower expression levels for most genes, whereas GH and IGF1 mRNA levels were higher compared to the normal group. We found that phenotype was not a determining factor in differences of relative expression levels of the genes studied.

提高鱼类生产部门竞争力的最重要问题之一是提高鱼类的生长速度。目前对该性状的遗传背景知之甚少。本研究比较了鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）组血中Akt1s1、FGF、GH、IGF1、MSTN、TLR2、TLR4和TLR5基因的相对基因表达水平。)，属于不同的生长类型和表型。根据生长速率（正常组：n = 6；缓慢组：n = 6）和表型（缩放组：n = 6；镜像组：n = 6）将鱼分组。在前 18 周，我们测量了组间在体重和体长方面的显着差异 (p < 0.05)。在接下来的 18 周内，慢速组的鱼表现出更加强烈的发育。在同一时期，慢速组的特点是大多数基因的表达水平较低，而与正常组相比，GH和IGF1 mRNA水平较高。我们发现表型不是所研究基因相对表达水平差异的决定因素。