Early detection and identification of microbial contaminants is crucial in many sectors, including clinical diagnostics, food quality control and environmental monitoring. Biosensors have recently gained attention among other bacterial detection technologies due to their simplicity, rapid response, selectivity, and integration/miniaturization potential in portable microfluidic platforms. However, biosensors are limited to the analysis of small sample volumes, and pre-concentration steps are necessary to reach the low sensitivity levels of few bacteria per mL required in the analysis of real clinical, industrial or environmental samples. Many platforms already exist where bacterial detection and separation/accumulation systems are integrated in a single platform, but they have not been compiled and critically analysed. This review reports on most recent advances in bacterial concentration/detection platforms with emphasis on the concentration strategy. Systems based on five concentration strategies, i.e. centrifugation, filtration, magnetic separation, electric separation or acoustophoresis, are here presented and compared in terms of processed sample volume, concentration efficiency, concentration time, ability to work with different types of samples, and integration potential, among others. The critical evaluation presented in the review is envision to facilitate the development of future platforms for fast, sensitive and in situ bacterial detection in real sample.

微生物污染物的早期检测和识别在许多领域都至关重要，包括临床诊断、食品质量控制和环境监测。生物传感器最近因其简单、快速响应、选择性和在便携式微流体平台中的集成/小型化潜力而在其他细菌检测技术中受到关注。然而，生物传感器仅限于小样本量的分析，并且需要预浓缩步骤才能达到分析实际临床、工业或环境样本所需的每毫升少量细菌的低灵敏度水平。许多平台已经存在，其中细菌检测和分离/积累系统集成在一个平台中，但它们还没有被编译和严格分析。本综述报告了细菌浓度/检测平台的最新进展，重点是浓度策略。本文介绍了基于五种浓缩策略（即离心、过滤、磁分离、电分离或声泳）的系统，并在处理的样品体积、浓缩效率、浓缩时间、处理不同类型样品的能力和集成潜力方面进行了比较，等等。审查中提出的关键评估旨在促进未来平台的开发，以在真实样本中进行快速、灵敏和原位细菌检测。磁分离、电分离或声泳，在处理样品体积、浓缩效率、浓缩时间、处理不同类型样品的能力和集成潜力等方面进行了介绍和比较。审查中提出的关键评估旨在促进未来平台的开发，以在真实样本中进行快速、灵敏和原位细菌检测。磁分离、电分离或声泳，在处理样品体积、浓缩效率、浓缩时间、处理不同类型样品的能力和集成潜力等方面进行了介绍和比较。审查中提出的关键评估旨在促进未来平台的开发，以在真实样本中进行快速、灵敏和原位细菌检测。