A vital natural ecosystem balance including seed sprouting, plant nutrition and growth, water infiltration, plant transpiration, redistribution, evaporation, and percolation relies on paramount property of soil moisture. Understanding soil moisture measurement and its pattern is crucial for various important fields such as meteorology, hydrology, agriculture, weather, and climate studies. In recent decades, a significant number of experimental methods have been developed to measure the soil moisture. This review paper aims to outline the available common techniques divided in gravimetric, volumetric, and potentiometric either in direct or indirect method for measuring soil moisture; discuss the basic principle for each technique; and compare and evaluate the available technique on the basis of common parameters such as advantages, limitations, and response time. This paper represents a viable resource particularly for the researchers and personnel responsible to manage natural resource and agriculturist to understand and select the suitable method for soil moisture estimation.

包括种子发芽、植物营养和生长、水分渗透、植物蒸腾、再分配、蒸发和渗透在内的重要自然生态系统平衡依赖于土壤水分的重要特性。了解土壤水分测量及其模式对于气象学、水文学、农业、天气和气候研究等各个重要领域至关重要。近几十年来，已经开发了大量的实验方法来测量土壤水分。本综述旨在概述可用的常用技术，分为重量法、体积法和电位法，直接或间接测量土壤水分的方法；讨论每种技术的基本原理；并根据优势、局限性、和响应时间。本文代表了一种可行的资源，特别是对于负责管理自然资源和农业的研究人员和人员来说，了解和选择合适的土壤水分估算方法。