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Slopping index for LD converters based on sound and image data fusion by fuzzy Kalman filter
Ironmaking & Steelmaking ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-19 , DOI: 10.1080/03019233.2021.1973883
Ricardo P. De Menezes 1 , Pablo F. Salarolli 1 , Leonardo G. Batista 1 , Henrique S. Furtado 2 , Marco A. S. L. Cuadros 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

The LD (Linz Donawitz) steelmaking process is the most used in the steel industry due to its high-volume capacity and low cost per ton of steel produced. However, the basic oxygen steelmaking process in LD converters is subjected to potential steel charge overflows, often called ‘slopping’. Besides yield losses, slopping events can damage the environment and expose employees to danger. More than ever, steelmaking plants need to avoid this type of event to keep producing as environmental impacts are no more tolerable by society. Steelmaking plants already use different methods to monitor and detect slopping events, but they are often limited and unreliable. Therefore, this paper proposes a multi-sensor data fusion process to generate a reliable slopping index to warn operators of potential slopping events and detect the triggered ones. The work is based on sound and image data (67 heats with 27 slopping events) collected on previous trials at a 350-ton LD converter. The Kalman filter was applied as a data fusion agent of two indexes, one resulted from computer vision analysis of the LD converter mouth (image data), the other resulted from digital signal analysis of sound captured on the converter’s hood (sound data). Fuzzy sets were applied for adaptative tuning of the Kalman filter to improve the data fusion process. Besides the increase of alarm accuracy and heat classification, the data fusion index worked better on different scenarios and produced a more reliable indicator for a slopping prevention system.



中文翻译:

基于模糊卡尔曼滤波的声像数据融合的LD变换器的倾斜指数

摘要

LD(林茨·多纳维茨)炼钢工艺因其高产量和每吨钢生产成本低而在钢铁行业中使用最多。然而,LD 转炉中的基本氧气炼钢过程存在潜在的钢料溢出,通常称为“溢出”。除了产量损失外,洒水事件还会破坏环境并使员工面临危险。炼钢厂比以往任何时候都更需要避免此类事件以继续生产,因为社会无法容忍环境影响。炼钢厂已经使用不同的方法来监测和检测喷溅事件,但它们通常是有限且不可靠的。因此,本文提出了一种多传感器数据融合过程,以生成可靠的喷溅指标,以警告操作员潜在的喷溅事件并检测触发事件。这项工作基于以前在 350 吨 LD 转炉的试验中收集的声音和图像数据(67 次加热和 27 次喷溅事件)。卡尔曼滤波器被用作两个指标的数据融合代理,一个来自LD转换器口的计算机视觉分析(图像数据),另一个来自转换器罩上捕获的声音的数字信号分析(声音数据)。模糊集被应用于卡尔曼滤波器的自适应调整,以改进数据融合过程。除了提高报警准确率和热分类外,数据融合指标在不同场景下效果更好,为防泼溅系统提供了更可靠的指标。卡尔曼滤波器被用作两个指标的数据融合代理,一个来自LD转换器口的计算机视觉分析(图像数据),另一个来自转换器罩上捕获的声音的数字信号分析(声音数据)。模糊集被应用于卡尔曼滤波器的自适应调整,以改进数据融合过程。除了提高报警准确率和热分类外,数据融合指标在不同场景下效果更好,为防泼溅系统提供了更可靠的指标。卡尔曼滤波器被用作两个指标的数据融合代理,一个来自LD转换器口的计算机视觉分析(图像数据),另一个来自转换器罩上捕获的声音的数字信号分析(声音数据)。模糊集被应用于卡尔曼滤波器的自适应调整,以改进数据融合过程。除了提高报警准确率和热分类外,数据融合指标在不同场景下效果更好,为防泼溅系统提供了更可靠的指标。模糊集被应用于卡尔曼滤波器的自适应调整,以改进数据融合过程。除了提高报警准确率和热分类外,数据融合指标在不同场景下效果更好,为防泼溅系统提供了更可靠的指标。模糊集被应用于卡尔曼滤波器的自适应调整,以改进数据融合过程。除了提高报警准确率和热分类外,数据融合指标在不同场景下效果更好,为防泼溅系统提供了更可靠的指标。

更新日期:2021-09-19
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