Ethnopharmacological approaches provide clues for the search of bioactive compounds. Dryopteris ramosa (Hope) C. Chr. (plant family: Dryopteridaceae) is an ethnomedicinal plant of the Galliyat region of Pakistan. The aqueous fraction (AqF) of D. ramosa is being used by inhabitants of the Galliyat region of Pakistan to treat their gastrointestinal tract ailments, especially those caused by bacteria. The aims of the present study were as follows: (i) to justify the ethnomedicinal uses of the AqF of D. ramosa; (ii) to isolate a bioactive compound from the AqF of D. ramosa; and (iii) to evaluate the antibacterial and cytotoxic potential of the isolated compound. Column chromatography (CC) techniques were used for the isolation studies. Spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis, MS, 1&2D NMR) were used for structural elucidation. The agar-well diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial potential of “i3CβDGP” against five bacterial strains, and compare it with the known antibiotic “Cefixime”. The brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) was used for cytotoxic studies. The AqF of D. ramosa afforded “iriflophenone-3-C-β-D glucopyranoside (i3CβDGP)” when subjected to LH20 Sephadex, followed by MPLC silica gel₆₀, and purified by preparative TLC. The “i3CβDGP” showed a strong potential (MIC = 31.1 ± 7.2, 62.5 ± 7.2, and 62.5 ± 7.2 µg/mL) against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, respectively. On the other hand, the least antibacterial potential was shown by “i3CβDGP” (MIC = 125 ± 7.2 µg/mL), against Bacillus subtilis, in comparison to Cefixime (MIC = 62.5 ± 7.2µg/mL). The cytotoxicity of “i3CβDGP” was significantly low (LD₅₀ = 10.037 ± 2.8 µg/mL) against Artemia salina nauplii. This study not only justified the ethnomedicinal use of D. ramosa, but also highlighted the importance of ethnomedicinal knowledge. Further studies on AqF and other fractions of D. ramosa are in progress.

中文翻译：

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来自 Dryopteris ramosa (Hope) C. Chr. 的 Iriflophenone-3-C-β-d Glucopyranoside 作为胃肠道感染的天然抗生素，前景广阔

民族药理学方法为寻找生物活性化合物提供了线索。Dryopteris ramosa (希望) C. Chr. （植物科：Dryopteridaceae）是巴基斯坦加利亚特地区的民族药用植物。巴基斯坦加利亚特地区的居民正在使用D. ramosa的水成分 (AqF)来治疗他们的胃肠道疾病，尤其是由细菌引起的疾病。本研究的目的如下： (i) 证明D. ramosa的 AqF 的民族医学用途；(ii) 从D. ramosa的 AqF 中分离出一种生物活性化合物; (iii) 评估分离化合物的抗菌和细胞毒性潜力。柱层析 (CC) 技术用于分离研究。光谱技术（UV-Vis、MS、1&2D NMR）用于结构解析。采用琼脂孔扩散法评估“i3CβDGP”对五种菌株的抗菌潜力，并与已知抗生素“头孢克肟”进行比较。盐水虾致死率试验 (BSLT) 用于细胞毒性研究。D. ramosa的 AqF经 LH20 Sephadex 处理后得到“iriflophenone-3-C-β-D 吡喃葡萄糖苷 (i3CβDGP)”，然后经 MPLC 硅胶₆₀处理，并通过制备型 TLC 纯化。“i3CβDGP”显示出强大的潜力（MIC = 31.1 ± 7.2、62.5 ± 7.2 和 62.5 ± 7.2 µg/mL）分别为肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌。另一方面，与头孢克肟（MIC = 62.5 ± 7.2 µg/mL）相比，“i3CβDGP”（MIC = 125 ± 7.2 µg/mL）对枯草芽孢杆菌的抗菌潜力最低。“i3CβDGP”对卤虫无节幼体的细胞毒性显着降低（LD ₅₀ = 10.037 ± 2.8 µg/mL）。这项研究不仅证明了D. ramosa的民族医学用途，而且强调了民族医学知识的重要性。对 AqF 和D. ramosa其他部分的进一步研究正在进行中。