A spiking neural network consists of artificial synapses and neurons and may realize human-level intelligence. Unlike the widely reported artificial synapses, the fabrication of large-scale artificial neurons with good performance is still challenging due to the lack of a suitable material system and integration method. Here, we report an ultrathin (less than10 nm) and inch-size two-dimensional (2D) oxide-based artificial neuron system produced by a controllable assembly of solution-processed 2D monolayer TiO_x nanosheets. Artificial neuron devices based on such 2D TiO_x films show a high on/off ratio of 10⁹ and a volatile resistance switching phenomenon. The devices can not only emulate the leaky integrate-and-fire activity but also self-recover without additional circuits for sensing and reset. Moreover, the artificial neuron arrays are fabricated and exhibited good uniformity, indicating their large-area integration potential. Our results offer a strategy for fabricating large-scale and ultrathin 2D material-based artificial neurons and 2D spiking neural networks.

中文翻译：

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基于超薄二维氧化钛的可扩展人工神经元

脉冲神经网络由人工突触和神经元组成，可以实现人类水平的智能。与广泛报道的人工突触不同，由于缺乏合适的材料系统和集成方法，制造具有良好性能的大规模人工神经元仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们报告了一种超薄（小于 10 nm）和英寸大小的二维 (2D) 基于氧化物的人工神经元系统，该系统由溶液处理的二维单层 TiO _x纳米片的可控组装产生。基于这种 2D TiO _x薄膜的人工神经元器件显示出 10 ^{9的高开/关比}和不稳定的电阻切换现象。这些器件不仅可以模拟泄漏的集成和触发活动，还可以在无需额外的传感和复位电路的情况下进行自我恢复。此外，人工神经元阵列的制造和表现出良好的均匀性，表明它们具有大面积集成的潜力。我们的结果提供了一种制造大规模和超薄二维材料人工神经元和二维尖峰神经网络的策略。