The limitation of projection microstereolithography in additive manufacturing methods is that they typically use a single-aperture imaging configuration, which restricts their ability to produce microstructures in large volumes owing to the trade-off between image resolution and image field area. Here, we propose an integral lithography based on integral image reconstruction coupled with a planar lens array. The individual microlenses maintain a high numerical aperture and are used to create digital light patterns that can expand the printable area by the number of microlenses (10³ to 10⁴), thereby allowing for the scalable stereolithographic fabrication of 3D features that surpass the resolution-to-area scaling limit. We extend the capability of integral lithography for programmable printing of deterministic nonperiodic structures through the rotational overlapping or stacking of multiple exposures with controlled angular offsets. This printing platform provides new possibilities for producing periodic and aperiodic microarchitectures spanning four orders of magnitude from micrometers to centimeters.

中文翻译：

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通过积分图像形成的旋转堆叠非周期性细胞结构的可扩展 3D 打印

投影微立体光刻在增材制造方法中的局限性在于它们通常使用单孔径成像配置，由于图像分辨率和图像场面积之间的权衡，这限制了它们大批量生产微结构的能力。在这里，我们提出了一种基于积分图像重建和平面透镜阵列的积分光刻技术。单个微透镜保持高数值孔径，用于创建数字光图案，可以通过微透镜的数量（10 ³至 10 ⁴), 从而允许可扩展的立体光刻制造超过分辨率到区域缩放限制的 3D 特征。我们通过旋转重叠或堆叠具有受控角度偏移的多次曝光，扩展了用于确定性非周期性结构的可编程印刷的整体光刻能力。该印刷平台为生产跨越从微米到厘米的四个数量级的周期性和非周期性微体系结构提供了新的可能性。