As part of a quantitative survey of Maine’s bumble bee fauna (Butler et al. 2021), we compared and contrasted genetic diversity, parasite and pathogen burdens, and pesticide exposure of the relatively common Bombus ternarius Say, 1937 and the spatially rare Bombus terricola Kirby, 1837. We recorded 11 Bombus species at 40 survey sites across three Maine ecoregions, and B. ternarius was the most common species, while B. terricola was spatially rare. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling indicated that B. terricola was associated with higher elevation sites in Maine, while B. ternarius was more broadly distributed in the state. Pollinator networks constructed for each bee indicated B. ternarius foraged on more plant species than B. terricola, but that there was considerable overlap (73%) in plant species visited. Genetic diversity was greater in the spatially restricted B. terricola, whereas the widely distributed B. ternarius was characterized by greater genetic differentiation among regions. Bombus terricola had higher molecular marker levels of the microsporidian fungi Nosema spp. and the trypanosome Crithidia spp., and both species had high levels of Trypanosoma spp. exposure. No Western Honey Bee (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus, 1758) viruses were detected in either species. Pesticides were not detected in pollen samples collected from workers of either species, and B. ternarius worker tissue samples exhibited only trace levels of diflubenzuron.

中文翻译：

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缅因州大黄蜂（膜翅目：蜜蜂科）——第 2 部分：常见（Bombus ternarius）和稀有（Bombus terricola）物种的比较

作为缅因州大黄蜂动物群定量调查的一部分（Butler 等人，2021 年），我们比较和对比了相对常见的 Bombus ternarius Say，1937 年和空间稀有的 Bombus terricola Kirby 的遗传多样性、寄生虫和病原体负担以及农药暴露情况, 1837。我们在缅因州三个生态区的 40 个调查点记录了 11 种 Bombus，其中 B. ternarius 是最常见的物种，而 B. terricola 在空间上很少见。非度量多维尺度表明 B. terricola 与缅因州的高海拔地点有关，而 B. ternarius 在该州分布更广泛。为每只蜜蜂构建的传粉媒介网络表明，与 B. terricola 相比，B. ternarius 觅食的植物种类更多，但所访问的植物种类有相当大的重叠 (73%)。空间受限的 B. terricola 的遗传多样性更大，而广泛分布的 B. ternarius 的特点是区域之间的遗传分化更大。Bombus terricola 具有较高的微孢子真菌 Nosema spp 的分子标记水平。和锥虫 Crithidia spp.，这两个物种都有高水平的锥虫。接触。在这两个物种中均未检测到西方蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus, 1758) 病毒。从任一物种的工人采集的花粉样本中均未检测到农药，并且 B. ternarius 工人组织样本仅显示出痕量的除虫脲。Bombus terricola 具有较高的微孢子真菌 Nosema spp 的分子标记水平。和锥虫 Crithidia spp.，这两个物种都有高水平的锥虫。接触。在这两个物种中均未检测到西方蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus, 1758) 病毒。从任一物种的工人采集的花粉样本中均未检测到农药，并且 B. ternarius 工人组织样本仅显示出痕量的除虫脲。Bombus terricola 具有较高的微孢子真菌 Nosema spp 的分子标记水平。和锥虫 Crithidia spp.，这两个物种都有高水平的锥虫。接触。在这两个物种中均未检测到西方蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus, 1758) 病毒。从任一物种的工人采集的花粉样本中均未检测到农药，并且 B. ternarius 工人组织样本仅显示出痕量的除虫脲。