The repair of articular cartilage defects is an intensively developing area of research. Severe inflammatory reactions after surgical interventions on bones or their structures may lead to changes of bone or joint asymmetry. In laboratory diagnostics, some inflammatory biomarkers and serum enzymes are available for the evaluation of these inflammatory processes. A general understanding of inflammatory responses following the repair of cartilage defects is still lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the alterations in the values of five inflammatory markers and the activities of several enzymes in seven 5-month-old pigs within the first 30 days following the restoration of induced articular cartilage defects using the tetracalcium phosphate/nanomoneite cement powder enriched with amino acids (CAL). The reconstruction of surgically induced defects was accompanied by a significant increase of serum amyloid A (SAA, p < 0.05), haptoglobin (Hp, p < 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP, p < 0.01), and pig major acute phase protein (pig-MAP, p < 0.001). Their concentrations decreased gradually within one-month post-surgery, the values recorded at the end of this period were higher than those obtained prior to surgery. The concentrations of α₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) showed no significant changes during the evaluated period. Alterations were also found in the enzyme activities of creatine kinase (p < 0.05), lactate-dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that SAA, Hp, CRP and pig-MAP might be applicable biomarkers of acute phase response for the monitoring of postoperative period.

中文翻译：

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磷酸钙水泥修复猪关节软骨缺损对特定炎症标志物浓度和血清酶活性的影响

关节软骨缺损的修复是一个深入发展的研究领域。对骨骼或其结构进行手术干预后的严重炎症反应可能导致骨骼或关节不对称的变化。在实验室诊断中，一些炎症生物标志物和血清酶可用于评估这些炎症过程。仍然缺乏对软骨缺损修复后炎症反应的一般理解。本研究的目的是描述在使用磷酸四钙/纳米菱镁矿修复诱导性关节软骨缺损后的前 30 天内，7 头 5 月龄猪的五种炎症标志物值和几种酶活性的变化。富含氨基酸 (CAL) 的水泥粉。p < 0.05）、结合珠蛋白（Hp，p < 0.001）、C 反应蛋白（CRP，p < 0.01）和猪主要急性期蛋白（猪-MAP，p < 0.001）。它们的浓度在手术后 1 个月内逐渐下降，在此期间结束时记录的值高于手术前获得的值。在评估期间，α _{1 -}酸性糖蛋白（AGP）的浓度没有显示出显着变化。肌酸激酶（p < 0.05）、乳酸脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶（p< 0.01)。这些发现表明，SAA、Hp、CRP 和猪-MAP 可能是用于监测术后期的急性期反应的适用生物标志物。