Cannabis sativa L. is a multi-purpose crop, whose resilience, adaptability and soil-enriching properties make it a low-impact production. In the last years, the cultivation of the “industrial” hemp varieties (THC < 0.2%) has been promoted by many Countries, opening a whole new market of hemp-derived products, such as its essential oil (EO). Its distillation might represent an effective method to exploit a residue of the hemp fiber production (flowers), complying with the guidelines of the circular economy. In the present work, different concentrations of an ionic liquid (IL; 1,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dimethylphosphate) have been studied as a pre-hydrodistillation maceration medium. The EO yields have been evaluated, and their compositions have been analyzed by GC-EIMS. The use of 100% and 90% IL concentrations gave a hydrodistillation yield increment of 250% and 200%, respectively. The 200% yield increase was maintained when the 100% IL was recycled after the hydrodistillation. The lower IL concentrations incremented the cannabinoid and oxygenated sesquiterpene contents, while the opposite was true for sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The proposed IL-enhanced hydrodistillation medium applied to hemp, studied for the first time in the present work, might be used to both (i) noteworthy increment the hydrodistillation yield and (ii) modulate the obtained EO composition based on the desired final product.

中文翻译：

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使用离子液体作为预加氢蒸馏浸渍介质对大麻精油成分和产量的影响

大麻 L. 是一种多用途作物，其弹性、适应性和土壤富集特性使其成为低影响生产。在过去几年中，许多国家推广了“工业”大麻品种（THC < 0.2%）的种植，开辟了大麻衍生产品的全新市场，例如其精油（EO）。它的蒸馏可能代表一种有效的方法来利用大麻纤维生产（花）的残留物，符合循环经济的指导方针。在目前的工作中，已经研究了不同浓度的离子液体（IL；1,3-二甲基-1H-咪唑-3-鎓二甲基磷酸酯）作为预加氢蒸馏浸渍介质。EO 产率已经过评估，并且它们的组成已经通过 GC-EIMS 进行了分析。使用 100% 和 90% IL 浓度分别使水蒸馏产率增加 250% 和 200%。当在水蒸馏后回收 100% IL 时，保持 200% 的产率增加。较低的 IL 浓度增加了大麻素和氧化倍半萜烯的含量，而倍半萜烯烃则相反。拟议的应用于大麻的 IL 增强型水蒸馏介质，在本工作中首次研究，可用于 (i) 显着增加水蒸馏产率和 (ii) 基于所需的最终产品调节获得的 EO 组成。而倍半萜烃的情况正好相反。拟议的应用于大麻的 IL 增强型水蒸馏介质，在本工作中首次研究，可用于 (i) 显着增加水蒸馏产率和 (ii) 基于所需的最终产品调节获得的 EO 组成。而倍半萜烃的情况正好相反。拟议的应用于大麻的 IL 增强型水蒸馏介质，在本工作中首次研究，可用于 (i) 显着增加水蒸馏产率和 (ii) 基于所需的最终产品调节获得的 EO 组成。