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Sound Splits as Influenced by Seed Size for Runner and Virginia Market Type Peanut Shelled on a Reciprocating Sheller
Agronomy ( IF 3.949 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-17 , DOI: 10.3390/agronomy11091869
Daniel J. Anco , Maria Balota , Jeffrey C. Dunne , Nino Brown

The objective of this study was to examine peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) kernel percent sound splits as a function of sound mature kernel seed size when shelled on a reciprocating sheller. Data were compiled from a total of 139 field experiments conducted in the Virginia-Carolina region and Georgia from 2005 to 2020. Runner and Virginia peanut market types were graded according to United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) standards using standard sheller screens with upper grid sizes corresponding to the red pan from the pre-sizer of 10.3 × 19.1 mm (26/64 × 3/4 ″) and 13.5 × 25.4 mm (34/64 × 1 ″) with minimum bar grid clearances of 8.7 (11/32 ″) and 12.7 mm (1/2 ″), respectively. A subset of runner market type samples was graded using the Virginia sheller screen. Grade data per market type and sheller screen was analyzed separately. Among runner market types shelled with the standard runner-type screen, percent sound splits increased linearly with increasing seed size at the logit rate of 1.16 per sound mature kernel g (p < 0.001). Sound splits for Virginia and runner market types shelled on the standard Virginia-type screen did not significantly vary by kernel size (p = 0.939 and 0.687, respectively). Extra-large kernels (proportion) for Virginia types linearly increased with seed size at 1.91 per sound mature kernel g (logit scale) (p < 0.001). Runner market types sized 75 to 91 g/100 sound mature kernels (605 to 500 seed/lb) were estimated to have a 50% probability of a 2.3 to 4.5% or greater increase in sound splits when shelled with the standard runner-type screen compared to runner-type seed sized 55 g/100 sound mature kernels (820 seed/lb), respectively, equivalent to a potential deduction increase of 1.8 to 4.4 USD /1000 kg. For both Virginia and runner market types, seed weight linearly increased with pod weight at 0.169 and 0.195 g/g (p < 0.001), respectively. Results from this study may be used as a reference to suggest runner-type seed sizes above which larger reciprocating sheller screen utilization in line with USDA grading practices is warranted to reduce mechanically induced sound splits during grading and subsequent economic deduction penalties for corresponding farmer stock peanut.

中文翻译:

在往复式剥壳机上剥壳的 Runner 和弗吉尼亚市场型花生的种子大小影响声音分裂

本研究的目的是检查花生(Arachis hypogaeaL.) 当在往复式脱壳机上脱壳时,作为健全成熟核种子大小的函数,谷粒百分比声音分裂。数据是从 2005 年至 2020 年在弗吉尼亚-卡罗莱纳州和乔治亚州进行的总共 139 次田间试验中编制的。 Runner 和弗吉尼亚花生市场类型根据美国农业部 (USDA) 标准使用带有上网格的标准脱壳机筛网进行分级尺寸对应于 10.3 × 19.1 毫米(26/64 × 3/4 英寸)和 13.5 × 25.4 毫米(34/64 × 1 英寸)的预分级器的红色盘,最小条形网格间隙为 8.7(11/32 英寸) ″) 和 12.7 毫米 (1/2 ″),分别。使用弗吉尼亚脱壳机筛选器对一部分转轮市场类型样本进行分级。每个市场类型和剥壳机筛分的品位数据分别进行了分析。在带有标准转轮式屏幕外壳的转轮市场类型中,p < 0.001)。在标准弗吉尼亚类型屏幕上炮击的弗吉尼亚和跑步者市场类型的声音分割没有因内核大小而显着变化(分别为p = 0.939 和 0.687)。弗吉尼亚类型的超大内核(比例)随着种子大小线性增加,每个成熟内核 g(logit 标度)为 1.91(p< 0.001)。尺寸为 75 至 91 克/100 的成熟谷粒(605 至 500 种子/磅)的转轮市场类型估计有 50% 的概率在使用标准转轮型筛网去壳时声音分裂增加 2.3 至 4.5% 或更大与分别为 55 克/100 粒健全成熟籽粒(820 粒种子/磅)的流道型种子相比,相当于潜在扣除增加了 1.8 至 4.4 美元/1000 公斤。对于弗吉尼亚和转轮市场类型,种子重量随豆荚重量线性增加,分别为 0.169 和 0.195 g/g ( p< 0.001),分别。这项研究的结果可用作建议转轮型种子尺寸的参考,高于该尺寸时,需要根据美国农业部分级实践使用更大的往复脱壳机筛网,以减少分级过程中机械引起的声音分裂以及相应农民库存花生的后续经济扣除处罚.
更新日期:2021-09-17
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