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Mariculture in a densely urbanized portion of the Brazilian coast: Current diagnosis and directions for sustainable development
Ocean & Coastal Management ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2021.105889
Felipe Schwahofer Landuci , Marina Fernandes Bez , Paula Dugarte Ritter , Sandro Costa , Fausto Silvestri , Guilherme Burigo Zanette , Beatriz Castelar , Paulo Márcio Santos Costa

Rio de Janeiro State (RJ) is a densely urbanized area in southern Brazil of great economic importance. It has developed and consolidated mariculture in the last three decades as a successful commercial activity of high local and regional relevance. We present here an overview of the mariculture sector in RJ, examine its trends and changes, provide insights, and discuss the implementation of local public policies aimed at its sustainable development. We surveyed 20 mariculture farmers through a closed questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Using articulations and analyses of measures of central tendencies, Person's correlation, comprehension, interpretation, ordering, classification, as well as primary and secondary comparisons of qualitative data, it was possible to register and describe mariculture production in RJ. We also indicate measures that are needed to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially those directly related to mariculture. Our results indicated a shift in socioeconomic profiles reflecting transition to a system with greater control of production methods and diversification of cultivated species. Scallop farming continues to be the main activity in terms of production totals and number of farmers, although emerging activities such as marine fish farming and seaweed farming have been observed in recent years. The lack of any organized structure uniting representatives of the organized sectors of the production chain, dependable provisions of seed, the absence of formal sanitary and environmental monitoring programs, the slow pace of defining and legalizing aquaculture area leasing, the difficulty in obtaining financial credit for production, the need for improvements in technical assistance services, the scarcity of investmnent in Research & Development, and the lack of producer training were identified as the main obstacles to regional development. A strategic plan based on national policies for marine resources is suggested to strengthen mariculture production in RJ and achieve the SDGs of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.



中文翻译:

巴西海岸城市化地区的海水养殖:可持续发展的当前诊断和方向

里约热内卢州 (RJ) 是巴西南部的一个人口稠密的城市化地区,具有重要的经济意义。在过去的三十年里,它发展和巩固了海水养殖,作为一项具有高度地方和区域相关性的成功商业活动。我们在此概述了 RJ 的海水养殖部门,检查其趋势和变化,提供见解并讨论旨在其可持续发展的地方公共政策的实施。我们通过封闭式问卷和半结构式访谈对 20 名海水养殖农民进行了调查。通过对中心趋势、人的相关性、理解、解释、排序、分类以及定性数据的主要和次要比较的阐述和分析,可以记录和描述 RJ 的海水养殖生产。我们还指出了实现可持续发展目标 (SDG) 所需的措施,尤其是与海水养殖直接相关的措施。我们的研究结果表明,社会经济状况的转变反映了向对生产方法和栽培物种多样化有更大控制的系统的转变。尽管近年来出现了海水鱼类养殖和海藻养殖等新兴活动,但就生产总量和养殖户数量而言,扇贝养殖仍然是主要活动。缺乏联合生产链有组织部门代表的任何有组织的结构,可靠的种子供应,缺乏正式的卫生和环境监测计划,水产养殖区租赁的定义和合法化步伐缓慢,难以获得用于生产的金融信贷、需要改进技术援助服务、缺乏研发投资以及缺乏生产者培训被确定为区域发展的主要障碍。建议基于国家海洋资源政策制定战略计划,以加强 RJ 的海水养殖生产,实现联合国 2030 年可持续发展议程的 SDG。

更新日期:2021-09-17
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