Neurobiology of Aging ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.014 Hakuei Fujiyama 1 , Jane Tan 2 , Rohan Puri 3 , Mark R Hinder 3
A wide body of literature suggests that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) administered over the prefrontal cortex can improve executive function – including decision-making and inhibitory control – in healthy young adults. However, the effects of tDCS in older adults are largely unknown. Here, using a double-blind, sham-controlled approach, changes in a combined perceptual decision-making and inhibitory control task were assessed before and after the application of tDCS (1 mA, 20 minute) targeting the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) or pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) in 42 young (18–34 years) and 41 older (60–80 years) healthy adults. Compared to sham stimulation, anodal tDCS over the preSMA improved decision-making speed for both age groups. Furthermore, the inhibitory control performance of older and younger adults was improved by preSMA and rIFG stimulation, respectively. This study provides evidence that tDCS can improve both perceptual decision-making and inhibitory control in healthy older adults, with the causal role of the preSMA and rIFG regions in cognitive control appearing to vary as a function of healthy ageing.
中文翻译:
tDCS 对右额下回和前补充运动区的影响对知觉决策和反应抑制的影响:健康老龄化的观点
大量文献表明,在前额叶皮层进行经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 可以改善健康年轻人的执行功能——包括决策和抑制控制。然而,tDCS 对老年人的影响在很大程度上是未知的。在这里,使用双盲、假控制的方法,在应用针对右侧额下回 (rIFG) 的 tDCS(1 mA,20 分钟)之前和之后评估组合感知决策和抑制控制任务的变化或 42 名年轻(18-34 岁)和 41 名老年(60-80 岁)健康成人的补充前运动区 (preSMA)。与假刺激相比,preSMA 上的阳极 tDCS 提高了两个年龄组的决策速度。此外,preSMA 和 rIFG 刺激分别改善了老年人和年轻人的抑制控制性能。这项研究提供的证据表明 tDCS 可以改善健康老年人的知觉决策和抑制控制,preSMA 和 rIFG 区域在认知控制中的因果作用似乎随着健康老龄化而变化。