Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite is the most promising active layer for new generation of solar cells. Despite of highly efficient perovskite active layer conventionally fabricated by spin coating methods, the need for using toxic solvents like dimethylformamide (DMF) required for dissolving low soluble metal precursors as well as the difficulties for upscaling the process have restricted their practical development. To deal with these shortcomings, in this work, lead sulphide as the lead metal precursor was produced by aqueous chemical bath deposition. Subsequently, PbS films were chemically converted to PbI₂ and finally to mixed-cation mixed halide perovskite films. The microstructural, optical and solar cell performance of mixed cation mixed halide perovskite films were examined. Results show that controlling the morphology of PbI₂ platelets achieved from PbS precursor films enabled efficient conversion to final perovskite films. Using this processing technique, smooth and pin hole-free perovskite films having columnar grains of about 800 nm and a bandgap of 1.55 eV were produced. The solar cell performance consisting of such perovskite layers gave rise to a notable power conversion efficiency of 11.35% under standard solar conditions. The proposed processing technique is very promising towards an environmentally friendly method for the production of large-scale high efficient perovskite solar cells.

有机-无机杂化钙钛矿是新一代太阳能电池最有前途的活性层。尽管通常通过旋涂方法制造高效钙钛矿活性层，但需要使用溶解低溶解性金属前体所需的有毒溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）以及升级该工艺的困难限制了它们的实际发展。为了解决这些缺点，在这项工作中，硫化铅作为铅金属前体是通过水化学浴沉积法生产的。随后，PbS 薄膜被化学转化为 PbI ₂最后混合阳离子混合卤化物钙钛矿薄膜。研究了混合阳离子混合卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的微观结构、光学和太阳能电池性能。结果表明，控制从 PbS 前体薄膜获得的 PbI ₂片晶的形态能够有效地转化为最终的钙钛矿薄膜。使用这种加工技术，生产了具有约 800 nm 柱状晶粒和 1.55 eV 带隙的光滑且无针孔的钙钛矿薄膜。由这种钙钛矿层组成的太阳能电池性能在标准太阳能条件下产生了 11.35% 的显着功率转换效率。所提出的加工技术非常有希望成为一种生产大规模高效钙钛矿太阳能电池的环保方法。