ABSTRACT: Environmental history (regimes of water quality to which an organism has been exposed in the past) may influence how the physiology of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica responds to future environmental conditions caused by climate change. Previous research has examined environmental history in a 1-dimensional framework, failing to capture environmental history complexity through space and time. In this study, we examined environmental history as a multi-faceted parameter, incorporating abiotic water quality components, such as temperature, pH, and salinity, that differ among locations. We also assessed how different lengths of environmental histories, defined as proximal and distal, affected oyster physiology and stress response. Finally, we compared the relative influence of abiotic components of environmental history on oyster physiology. We found that physiology and stress response are differentially affected by proximal and distal environmental history, demonstrating the importance of examining environmental history as a multi-faceted and dynamic parameter. Specifically, distal environmental history primarily influenced condition index and total antioxidant potential, while proximal environmental history primarily influenced glycogen content. Salinity of distal environmental history significantly shaped condition index, establishing salinity as a principal factor when considering acclimatization to variable environments. No water quality components were significant influences on glycogen and total antioxidant potential, providing opportunities for research on other components of environmental history. Identifying the temporal portion of oysters’ environmental history that influences physiology supports future efforts to predict population tolerance to climate change. Additionally, examining multiple abiotic and biotic components of environmental history can elucidate means of acclimatization to future environmental change.

中文翻译：

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环境史对东部牡蛎Crassostrea virginica生理和急性应激反应的影响

摘要：环境史（生物体过去接触过的水质状况）可能会影响东部牡蛎Crassostrea virginica的生理机能应对气候变化造成的未来环境条件。先前的研究已经在一维框架中检查了环境历史，未能通过空间和时间捕捉环境历史的复杂性。在这项研究中，我们将环境历史作为一个多方面的参数进行了研究，其中包含了不同地点的非生物水质成分，例如温度、pH 值和盐度。我们还评估了不同长度的环境历史（定义为近端和远端）如何影响牡蛎生理和应激反应。最后，我们比较了环境历史的非生物成分对牡蛎生理的相对影响。我们发现生理和应激反应受到近端和远端环境历史的不同影响，证明将环境历史作为一个多方面的动态参数进行检查的重要性。具体而言，远端环境史主要影响条件指数和总抗氧化潜力，而近端环境史主要影响糖原含量。远端环境历史的盐度显着影响了条件指数，在考虑适应变化的环境时将盐度作为主要因素。没有水质成分对糖原和总抗氧化潜力有显着影响，为研究环境历史的其他成分提供了机会。确定影响生理的牡蛎环境历史的时间部分支持未来预测种群对气候变化的耐受性的努力。此外，