Coal mining results in reduced soil quality and makes environments less stable. Soil fungi are suitable indicators of soil quality for monitoring purposes. Here, the objective was therefore to investigate the effects of grazing and mining on the composition of the soil fungal community at the periphery of an opencast coal-mine dump in the Shengli mining area, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia. A total of 2,110 fungal operational taxonomic units were identified and subdivided into 81 orders and nine categories, based on trophic modes. The sensitive factor to mining was soil pH, and that to grazing were soil nitrate-nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase activity. According to the Pearson correlation and Mantel test, we propose interactions between grazing and coal-mining exist a co-effect and could regulate edaphic variables to alter the behavior of soil fungal community. Moreover, compared with coal-mining, grazing has a greater impact on it. The results provide a basis to further clarify soil fungal ecological functions, and may also contribute to the practice of soil remediation and environmental management in coal-mining areas.

煤炭开采导致土壤质量下降，环境不稳定。土壤真菌是监测土壤质量的合适指标。因此，本研究的目的是调查放牧和采矿对内蒙古锡林郭勒盟胜利矿区露天煤矿堆场周边土壤真菌群落组成的影响。总共确定了 2,110 个真菌操作分类单元，并根据营养模式细分为 81 个目和 9 个类别。对采矿的敏感因素是土壤pH值，对放牧的敏感因素是土壤硝氮和碱性磷酸酶活性。根据 Pearson 相关性和 Mantel 检验，我们建议放牧和采煤之间的相互作用存在共同效应，可以调节土壤变量以改变土壤真菌群落的行为。而且，与采煤相比，放牧对它的影响更大。研究结果为进一步阐明土壤真菌的生态功能提供了依据，也可能有助于煤矿区土壤修复和环境管理的实践。