Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a clinical syndrome characterized by frequency, urgency, and bladder pain or pelvic pain; however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnostic markers are unknown. In this study, microbiome and metabolome analysis were used to explain the urine signatures of IC patients. Urine samples from 20 IC patients and 22 control groups were analyzed by using 16S rRNA sequence and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Four opportunistic pathogen genera, including Serratia, Brevibacterium, Porphyromonas, and Citrobacter, were significantly upregulated in IC group. The altered metabolite signatures of the metabolome may be related to sphingosine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Meanwhile, the associations were observed between different metabolites and microbiomes of IC. The present study suggests that the combined signatures of IC in urine microbiome and metabolome may become its prospective diagnostic markers.

中文翻译：

---

间质性膀胱炎患者尿液微生物组和代谢组的综合特征。

间质性膀胱炎（IC）是一种以尿频、尿急、膀胱痛或盆腔痛为特征的临床综合征；然而，潜在的病理生理机制和诊断标志物尚不清楚。在这项研究中，微生物组和代谢组分析用于解释 IC 患者的尿液特征。通过使用 16S rRNA 序列和液相色谱与质谱联用，分析了来自 20 名 IC 患者和 22 名对照组的尿液样本。在IC组中，包括沙雷氏菌、短杆菌、卟啉单胞菌和柠檬酸杆菌在内的4个条件致病菌属显着上调。代谢组的改变的代谢物特征可能与鞘氨醇代谢、氨基酸代谢和脂肪酸生物合成有关。同时，观察到 IC 的不同代谢物和微生物组之间的关联。本研究表明，尿液微生物组和代谢组中 IC 的组合特征可能成为其前瞻性诊断标志物。