The limited availability of phosphorus (P) in soils causes a major constraint in the productivity of potatoes, which requires increased knowledge of plant adaptation responses in this condition. In this study, six potato cultivars, namely, Agria, Lady Claire, Milva, Lilly, Sieglinde, and Verdi, were assessed for their responses on plant growth, leaf physiology, P use efficiency (PUE), and tuber quality with three P levels (Plow, Pmed, and Phigh). The results reveal a significant variation in the cultivars in response to different P availabilities. P-efficient cultivars, Agria, Milva, and Lilly, possessed substantial plant biomass, tuber yield, and high P uptake efficiency (PUpE) under low P supply conditions. The P-inefficient cultivars, Lady Claire, Sieglinde, and Verdi, could not produce tubers under P deprivation conditions, as well as the ability to efficiently uptake P under low-level conditions, but they were efficient in P uptake under high soil P conditions. Improved PUpE is important for plant tolerance with limited P availability, which results in the efficient use of the applied P. At the leaf level, increased accumulations of nitrate, sulfate, sucrose, and proline are necessary for a plant to acclimate to P deficiency-induced stress and to mobilize leaf inorganic phosphate to increase internal PUE and photosynthesis. The reduction in plant biomass and tuber yield under P-deficient conditions could be caused by reduced CO2 assimilation. Furthermore, P deficiency significantly reduced tuber yield, dry matter, and starch concentration in Agria, Milva, and Lilly. However, contents of tuber protein, sugars, and minerals, as well as antioxidant capacity, were enhanced under these conditions in these cultivars. These results highlight the important traits contributing to potato plant tolerance under P-deficient conditions and indicate an opportunity to improve the P efficiency and tuber quality of potatoes under deficient conditions using more efficient cultivars. Future research to evaluate molecular mechanisms related to P and sucrose translocation, and minimize tuber yield reduction under limited P availability conditions is necessary.

中文翻译：

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植物生长、叶生理学、磷利用效率和在有限磷可用条件下马铃薯块茎质量的品种依赖性反应。

土壤中磷 (P) 的有限可用性导致马铃薯生产力的主要限制，这需要更多地了解植物在这种情况下的适应反应。在这项研究中，评估了六个马铃薯品种，即 Agria、Lady Claire、Milva、Lilly、Sieglinde 和 Verdi，它们对植物生长、叶片生理、磷利用效率 (PUE) 和块茎质量的反应，具有三个磷水平（Plow、Pmed 和 Phigh）。结果显示，响应不同磷可用性的栽培品种存在显着差异。在低磷供应条件下，磷高效栽培品种 Agria、Milva 和 Lilly 拥有大量植物生物量、块茎产量和高磷吸收效率 (PUpE)。P 低效品种克莱尔夫人、西格林德和威尔第，在缺磷条件下不能生产块茎，以及在低水平条件下有效吸收磷的能力，但它们在高土壤磷条件下有效吸收磷。改进的 PUpE 对于有限的 P 可用性的植物耐受性很重要，这导致有效利用施用的 P。在叶片水平，增加硝酸盐、硫酸盐、蔗糖和脯氨酸的积累是植物适应缺磷所必需的 -诱导胁迫并动员叶片无机磷酸盐以增加内部 PUE 和光合作用。在缺磷条件下植物生物量和块茎产量的减少可能是由于 CO2 同化减少造成的。此外，缺磷显着降低了 Agria、Milva 和 Lilly 的块茎产量、干物质和淀粉浓度。然而，块茎蛋白质、糖和矿物质的含量，以及抗氧化能力，这些品种在这些条件下得到了增强。这些结果突出了在缺磷条件下促进马铃薯植物耐受性的重要性状，并表明有机会在缺磷条件下使用更有效的栽培品种来提高马铃薯的磷效率和块茎质量。未来的研究需要评估与 P 和蔗糖易位相关的分子机制，并在有限的 P 可用性条件下最大程度地减少块茎产量。