Wearable electronics used to capture biological signals are substantially important in human–robot interactions, health monitoring, and clinical treatment. However, for curved or irregular body surfaces, intimate interfacing with the skin, which is essential for robust signal recording, is challenging. In this study, flexible core-sheath fiber sensors and adaptive devices were developed using a coaxial 3D printing technique and kirigami-inspired patterns. The printed core-sheath fiber, which was successfully applied in human–robot interaction, exhibited excellent electromechanical properties with a sensing strain range of 700%, and had high accuracy of approximately 3 mN and high electromechanical durability. In addition, the viscoelastic nature of the core material (shear-stiffening gel) provided the fiber array with fine energy dissipation performance against external harm by buffering the impact force by 51% while simultaneously capturing the dynamic impact in 4 ms. Moreover, the introduction of kirigami-inspired deformability to planar electronics facilitated conformable attachment of sensing devices with substantial adjustability to 3D curved surfaces; they can be adapted to shoe pads of different sizes without compromising their sensitivity. The 3D printing technique and kirigami-inspired pattern designs for creating adaptive and flexible wearable electronics hold great potential for advanced health monitoring of diverse and complex epidermal surfaces.

用于捕获生物信号的可穿戴电子设备在人机交互、健康监测和临床治疗中非常重要。然而，对于弯曲或不规则的身体表面，与皮肤的亲密接触对于稳健的信号记录至关重要，但具有挑战性。在这项研究中，使用同轴 3D 打印技术和剪纸启发的图案开发了灵活的芯鞘光纤传感器和自适应设备。打印的芯鞘纤维成功应用于人机交互，表现出优异的机电性能，传感应变范围为 700%，具有约 3 mN 的高精度和高机电耐久性。此外，核心材料（剪切硬化凝胶）的粘弹性特性通过缓冲 51% 的冲击力，同时在 4 ms 内捕获动态冲击，为纤维阵列提供了良好的能量耗散性能，以抵御外部伤害。此外，将剪纸启发的变形能力引入到平面电子设备中，促进了传感设备的贴合性连接，对 3D 曲面具有实质性的可调节性；它们可以适应不同尺寸的鞋垫，而不会影响其灵敏度。用于创建自适应和灵活的可穿戴电子设备的 3D 打印技术和剪纸启发的图案设计在对多样化和复杂的表皮表面进行高级健康监测方面具有巨大的潜力。