Groundwater contamination by the adjacent seawater has been a global problem. To address the process and evolution of salinity in groundwater, different procedures such as major ion ratios, standard plots, geophysical techniques, isotopic techniques, and modelling methods were adopted. It is difficult to distinguish the groundwaters’ with salinity, similar or greater than the seawater by adopting major ions. Saline to hypersaline conditions are reported in coastal groundwater of the arid regions. In order to address the sources of salinity, evolution and geochemical nature, groundwater samples were collected near the shore along with adjacent seawater. The ion-ratio and the Piper diagram did not show a clear demarcation between groundwater and seawater, but the fact that seawater values were within a narrow range than the groundwater. Whereas the Cl/Br and Br/Si ratios, thermodynamic stability plots of K-Silica system, Plagioclase stability and carbonate system with respect to logpCO₂ reflected geochemical variation between the seawater and groundwater samples. Since the silica values of seawater samples were lesser, they proved to be a significant tracer to characterize the non-contaminated groundwater samples. The seawater–groundwater interaction was inferred from the study and probable locations of SGD were identified. The evolution mechanism of the brine composition with the present scenario was studied considering the saturation states of halite, silicates, carbonate and sulfate minerals. It was identified that the evolutionary pathway of brine from groundwater composition is governed by the Ca ion, which is a common ion for most of the carbonate and sulfate minerals. The groundwater chemistry indicates the Cl-SO₄ brine evolution pathway leading to the formation of Mg-SO₄ brine. Thus, the study proves that ratios of Cl/Br, Br/Si, thermodynamic stability plots with respect to silicate minerals and logpCO₂ along with saturation states of minerals can serve as significant tool to characterize the hypersaline groundwater.

邻近海水对地下水的污染已成为全球性问题。为了解决地下水中盐度的过程和演变，采用了不同的程序，如主离子比、标准图、地球物理技术、同位素技术和建模方法。采用主要离子很难区分含盐度接近或大于海水的地下水。在干旱地区的沿海地下水中报告了盐分到高盐分条件。为了解决盐度、演化和地球化学性质的来源，在靠近海岸的地方收集地下水样品以及邻近的海水。离子比和派珀图没有显示地下水和海水之间的明确界限，但海水值比地下水值在一个狭窄的范围内。₂反映了海水和地下水样品之间的地球化学变化。由于海水样品的二氧化硅值较低，因此它们被证明是表征未受污染地下水样品的重要示踪剂。从研究中推断出海水-地下水相互作用，并确定了 SGD 的可能位置。考虑到岩盐、硅酸盐、碳酸盐和硫酸盐矿物的饱和状态，研究了当前情景下卤水成分的演化机制。已经确定，地下水成分中卤水的演化途径受 Ca 离子控制，Ca 离子是大多数碳酸盐和硫酸盐矿物的常见离子。地下水化学表明 Cl-SO ₄卤水演化途径导致形成 Mg-SO₄盐水。因此，该研究证明，Cl/Br、Br/Si 的比率、关于硅酸盐矿物和 logpCO _{2 的}热力学稳定性图以及矿物的饱和状态可以作为表征高盐度地下水的重要工具。