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The nine development bands: A conceptual framework and global theory for waste and development
Waste Management & Research ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-15 , DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211035926
Andrew Whiteman 1 , Mike Webster 2 , David C Wilson 3
Affiliation  

Solid waste management (SWM) is an essential utility service. More than two to three billion people worldwide still lack basic services, whereas some countries are already moving beyond SWM towards waste and resource management (WaRM) and a circular economy. This paper sets out a novel conceptual framework and global theory of waste and development, providing a road map, allowing a country or city to locate their current position and plot their way ahead. We identify nine development bands (9DBs) with significant commonalities in terms of critical challenges and developmental pressure points. DB1–DB4 reflect stepwise improvement towards the new baseline of meeting the SDG 11.6.1 indicators of universal collection and management in controlled facilities (DB5). Countries can then choose to move towards environmentally sound management and the ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’ (3Rs) (DB6-9), with an ultimate aspiration of ‘zero waste’. We test the 9DBs conceptual framework against historical journeys of higher income countries. The main application will be in low- and middle-income countries striving towards SDG 11.6.1, where it fills a key gap in the practitioners’ toolkit by enabling initial framing/scoping of the problem and smarter interventions to be designed and sense checked. Key insights include targeted governance/institutional reforms, appropriate and affordable systems/technology and adapting solutions to a diversity of local needs and realities.



中文翻译:

九大发展带:废物与发展的概念框架和全球理论

固体废物管理 (SWM) 是一项必不可少的公用事业服务。全球仍有超过 2 至 30 亿人缺乏基本服务,而一些国家已经从 SWM 转向废物和资源管理 (WarRM) 和循环经济。这篇论文提出了一个新的概念框架和废物与发展的全球理论,提供了一个路线图,让一个国家或城市能够定位他们当前的位置并规划他们的前进方向。我们确定了在关键挑战和发展压力点方面具有显着共性的九个发展带 (9DB)。DB1-DB4 反映了朝着满足 SDG 11.6.1 受控设施中普遍收集和管理指标 (DB5) 的新基线的逐步改进。然后,各国可以选择转向无害环境管理和“减少、再利用、再循环”(3Rs)(DB6-9),最终实现“零浪费”。我们根据高收入国家的历史历程测试了 9DBs 概念框架。主要应用将在努力实现 SDG 11.6.1 的低收入和中等收入国家,通过启用问题的初步框架/范围以及更智能的干预措施的设计和意义检查,它填补了从业者工具包中的关键空白。关键见解包括有针对性的治理/机构改革、适当且负担得起的系统/技术以及根据当地需求和现实的多样性调整解决方案。我们根据高收入国家的历史历程测试了 9DBs 概念框架。主要应用将在努力实现 SDG 11.6.1 的低收入和中等收入国家,通过启用问题的初步框架/范围以及更智能的干预措施的设计和意义检查,它填补了从业者工具包中的关键空白。关键见解包括有针对性的治理/机构改革、适当且负担得起的系统/技术以及根据当地需求和现实的多样性调整解决方案。我们根据高收入国家的历史历程测试了 9DBs 概念框架。主要应用将在努力实现 SDG 11.6.1 的低收入和中等收入国家,通过启用问题的初步框架/范围以及更智能的干预措施的设计和意义检查,它填补了从业者工具包中的关键空白。关键见解包括有针对性的治理/机构改革、适当且负担得起的系统/技术以及根据当地需求和现实的多样性调整解决方案。

更新日期:2021-09-16
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