Decorating liquid crystals (LCs) with stimuli-responsive materials provides a bridge between the LCs and the biochemical interactions. The alignments of the LC molecules are particularly sensitive. Even small perturbations to the LC interface can substantially direct the orientation of bulk LC phases, which results in transduction and amplification of the chemical and biological events into readily detectable optical outputs. These characteristics make the LCs extremely alluring for the development of biosensors that allow highly sensitive and label-free detection of biomarkers at the aqueous/LC interface. In this review, we organize the LC-based sensing systems into six groups, including monolayer formation, monolayer removal, monolayer disruption, floating LC droplets, sessile LC droplets, and LC elastomer microspheres. The principle, utilization, advancement, and limitations of each platform for the detection of various biomarkers are discussed in detail, which will help expand our understanding of the development of LC-based sensors for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

用刺激响应材料装饰液晶 (LC) 在 LC 和生化相互作用之间架起了一座桥梁。LC 分子的排列特别敏感。即使对 LC 界面的微小扰动也可以显着引导体 LC 相的方向，从而导致化学和生物事件的转导和放大成为易于检测的光学输出。这些特性使 LC 非常适合开发生物传感器，这些传感器允许在水相/LC 界面上对生物标志物进行高灵敏度和无标记检测。在这篇综述中，我们将基于 LC 的传感系统分为六组，包括单层形成、单层去除、单层破坏、浮动 LC 液滴、固着 LC 液滴和 LC 弹性体微球。原则，