The formation of quantum vortices in photodetachment by a sequence of left- and right-handed circularly polarized laser pulses in various configurations is analyzed using either the strong-field approximation or numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Two types of pulse sequences are considered: reducible and irreducible. While the former can be decomposed into series of consecutive and identical (irreducible) subtrains of pulses, the latter cannot be decomposed in that way. As we show, the vortex pattern in the probability amplitude of photodetachment is fully determined by the irreducible pulse configuration. Additional repetitions of an irreducible train create, in the three-dimensional momentum space, nonvortex nodal surfaces, the position of which is estimated. The conditions for the experimental observation of quantum vortices are also determined.

中文翻译：

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由激光脉冲序列引起的光分离中的结构化光电子分布：涡旋与螺旋

使用强场近似或与时间相关的薛定谔方程的数值解来分析由一系列左旋和右旋圆偏振激光脉冲在光分离中形成的各种配置。考虑两种类型的脉冲序列：可约和不可约。虽然前者可以分解为一系列连续且相同（不可约）的脉冲子序列，但后者不能以这种方式分解。正如我们所展示的，光分离概率幅度中的涡旋模式完全由不可约脉冲配置决定。不可约火车的额外重复在三维动量空间中创建非涡旋节点表面，其位置是估计的。