Objective: This study aims to investigate the formation factors that affect the angle of nuchal cord and explore the types of nuchal cord that exist and the process of standardized ultrasound diagnosis of nuchal cord.
Methods: Ultrasonography was performed on 707 fetuses with nuchal cord, to observe the direction of the coil, determine the type of coil, and analyze the correlation between the fetal position, placental location, and the direction of the coil with the angle of the umbilical cord.
Results: Among the 707 fetuses, those with 1 loop accounted for 89.67%, fetuses with 2 loops accounted for 6.08%, fetuses with 3 loops accounted for 0.28%, and fetuses with partial draping of the umbilical cord accounted for 3.96%. Nuchal cord mostly occurred in fetuses where the placenta was attached to the anterior wall of the uterus, and the α-shaped and C-shaped types were in the majority. The C-shaped type accounted for 43.14%, the α-shaped type for 40.88%, the O-shaped type for 12.02%, and the L-shaped type for 3.96%.
Conclusion: The direction of the coil of the umbilical cord can be determined by blood flow vector observation. The fetal position, placental location, and the direction of the coil are the three factors affecting the coiling angle of the umbilical cord. Ultrasonic classification of nuchal cord can provide detailed information, which can be used by physicians when performing surgery on the fetus. The advances in the diagnosis procedure allow the diagnosis of nuchal cord to be carried out in an orderly manner, making it more accurate and standardized.

Keywords: nuchal cord, coiling direction, ultrasonic classification, diagnostic process, standardization


中文翻译：

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颈索的标准化超声诊断

目的：本研究旨在探讨影响颈索角度的形成因素，探讨现有颈索类型及颈索标准化超声诊断过程。
方法：对707例脐带胎儿进行超声检查，观察线圈方向，确定线圈类型，分析胎位、胎盘位置、线圈方向与脐带角度的相关性。绳索。
结果：707例胎儿中，1袢占89.67%，2袢占6.08%，3袢占0.28%，脐带部分悬垂占3.96%。颈索多发生于胎盘附着于子宫前壁的胎儿，以α型和C型居多。C型占43.14%，α型占40.88%，O型占12.02%，L型占3.96%。
结论：脐带盘绕的方向可以通过血流矢量观察来确定。胎位、胎盘位置、盘绕方向是影响脐带盘绕角度的三个因素。颈索的超声分类可以提供详细的信息，可供医生在对胎儿进行手术时使用。诊断程序的进步使得颈索的诊断能够有条不紊地进行，使其更加准确和规范。

关键词：颈索，盘绕方向，超声分类，诊断过程，标准化