There is a need for innovation with respect to therapeutics in psychiatry. Available evidence indicates that the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist SEP-363856 is promising, as it improves measures of cognitive and reward function in schizophrenia. Hedonic and cognitive impairments are transdiagnostic and constitute major burdens in mood disorders. Herein, we systematically review the behavioural and genetic literature documenting the role of TAAR1 in reward and cognitive function, and propose a mechanistic model of TAAR1’s functions in the brain. Notably, TAAR1 activity confers antidepressant-like effects, enhances attention and response inhibition, and reduces compulsive reward seeking without impairing normal function. Further characterization of the responsible mechanisms suggests ion-homeostatic, metabolic, neurotrophic, and anti-inflammatory enhancements in the limbic system. Multiple lines of evidence establish the viability of TAAR1 as a biological target for the treatment of mood disorders. Furthermore, the evidence suggests a role for TAAR1 in reward and cognitive function, which is attributed to a cascade of events that are relevant to the cellular integrity and function of the central nervous system.

在精神病学治疗方面需要创新。现有证据表明，痕量胺相关受体 1 (TAAR1) 激动剂 SEP-363856 很有前景，因为它改善了精神分裂症认知和奖赏功能的测量。享乐和认知障碍是跨诊断的，是情绪障碍的主要负担。在这里，我们系统地回顾了记录 TAAR1 在奖励和认知功能中作用的行为和遗传文献，并提出了 TAAR1 在大脑中的功能的机制模型。值得注意的是，TAAR1 活性具有抗抑郁样作用，增强注意力和反应抑制，并在不损害正常功能的情况下减少强迫性奖励寻求。负责任机制的进一步表征表明离子稳态，代谢，神经营养，和边缘系统的抗炎增强。多条证据表明 TAAR1 作为治疗情绪障碍的生物学靶点的可行性。此外，证据表明 TAAR1 在奖赏和认知功能中的作用，这归因于与中枢神经系统的细胞完整性和功能相关的一系列事件。