Piezoelectricity provides an ideal electromechanical mechanism with emerging applications in wearable devices due to its simplicity and self-powered nature. However, the 3D printing of piezoelectric devices still faces many challenges, including material printability, high energy poling process, and low dimensional accuracy. This study demonstrates, for the first time, a tellurium nanowire-based piezoelectric device fabricated by a hybrid printing method integrating highly complementary aerosol jet printing and extrusion printing in a single printing platform. The aerosol-jet-printed tellurium nanowire demonstrates piezoelectric properties without the need for any poling processing due to the unique properties of the tellurium nanowires. The silver nanowire electrodes printed by aerosol jet printing demonstrate excellent conductivity and stretchability without the need for sintering. An extrusion method is employed to print the silicone films, which serve as the stretchable substrate and the electrical insulation layers between the printed tellurium and silver. The printed wearable piezoelectric devices were attached to a human wrist to detect different hand gestures and to a human neck to detect heartbeat without using an external power source. The fully printed, sintering-free and poling-free, and stretchable piezoelectric device opens enormous opportunities for facile integration with a broad range of printed electronics and wearable devices.

由于其简单性和自供电特性，压电为可穿戴设备中的新兴应用提供了理想的机电机制。然而，压电器件的 3D 打印仍面临许多挑战，包括材料可印刷性、高能量极化工艺和低尺寸精度。这项研究首次展示了一种基于碲纳米线的压电器件，该器件采用混合打印方法在单个打印平台上集成了高度互补的气溶胶喷射打印和挤出打印。由于碲纳米线的独特特性，气溶胶喷射印刷的碲纳米线无需任何极化处理即可展示压电特性。通过气溶胶喷射印刷印刷的银纳米线电极表现出优异的导电性和拉伸性，无需烧结。采用挤出方法印刷有机硅薄膜，作为可拉伸基材和印刷碲和银之间的电绝缘层。将打印的可穿戴压电设备连接到人的手腕上以检测不同的手势，并连接到人的脖子上以在不使用外部电源的情况下检测心跳。完全印刷、无烧结、无极化且可拉伸的压电设备为与各种印刷电子设备和可穿戴设备的轻松集成提供了巨大的机会。作为可拉伸基材和印刷碲和银之间的电绝缘层。将打印的可穿戴压电设备连接到人的手腕上以检测不同的手势，并连接到人的脖子上以在不使用外部电源的情况下检测心跳。完全印刷、无烧结、无极化且可拉伸的压电设备为与各种印刷电子设备和可穿戴设备的轻松集成提供了巨大的机会。作为可拉伸基材和印刷碲和银之间的电绝缘层。将打印的可穿戴压电设备连接到人的手腕上以检测不同的手势，并连接到人的脖子上以在不使用外部电源的情况下检测心跳。完全印刷、无烧结、无极化且可拉伸的压电设备为与各种印刷电子设备和可穿戴设备的轻松集成提供了巨大的机会。