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Complete digestion/biodegradation of polystyrene microplastics by greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) larvae: direct in vivo evidence, gut microbiota independence, and potential metabolic pathways
Journal of Hazardous Materials ( IF 13.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127213
Shuai Wang 1 , Wei Shi 1 , Zhichu Huang 1 , Nihong Zhou 1 , Yanling Xie 1 , Yu Tang 1 , Fuliang Hu 1 , Guangxu Liu 1 , Huoqing Zheng 1
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Biodegradation of plastic polymers by plastic-eating insects such as the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) might be promising for reducing plastic pollution, but direct in vivo evidence along with the related metabolic pathways and role of gut microbiota require further investigation. In this study, we investigated the in vivo degradation process, underlying potential metabolic pathways, and involvement of the gut microbiota in polystyrene (PS) biodegradation via enforcing injection of G. mellonella larvae (Tianjin, China) with PS microbeads (0.5 mg/larva; Mn: 540 and Mw: 550) and general-purpose PS powder (2.5 mg/larva; Mn: 95,600 and Mw: 217,000). The results indicated that the PS microplastics were depolymerized and completely digested independent of gut microbiota in G. mellonella although the metabolism could be enhanced by gut microbiota. Based on comparative metabolomic and liquid chromatography analyses, we proposed two potential metabolic pathways of PS in the intestine of G. mellonella larvae: the styrene oxide–phenylaldehyde and 4-methylphenol–4-hydroxybenzaldehyde–4-hydroxybenzoate pathways. These results suggest the enzymes of G. mellonella are responsible for the efficient biodegradation of PS. Further studies are needed to identify these enzymes and investigate the underlying catalytic mechanisms.

更新日期:2021-09-16
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