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Is the development of desalination compatible with sustainable development of the Arabian Gulf?
Marine Pollution Bulletin ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112940
W J F Le Quesne 1 , L Fernand 1 , T S Ali 2 , O Andres 1 , M Antonpoulou 3 , J A Burt 4 , W W Dougherty 5 , P J Edson 6 , J El Kharraz 7 , J Glavan 8 , R J Mamiit 9 , K D Reid 10 , A Sajwani 10 , D Sheahan 1
Affiliation  

The development of desalination has been essential to the rapid economic development of the countries bordering the Arabian Gulf. The current production capacity of sea water desalination plants drawing water from Gulf is over 20 million m3 day−1, which may rise to 80 million m3 day−1 by 2050. Whilst supporting aspects of sustainable development related to water and sanitation, desalination impacts the marine environment through impingement and entrainment of organisms in intakes, and through thermal, brine and chemical discharges. This may compromise other objectives for sustainable development related to sustainable use of the oceans. Under business as usual scenarios, by 2050, the impact of individual desalination plants will combine causing a regional scale impact. Without mitigating actions to avoid the business as usual scenario, by 2050, desalination in combination with climate change, will elevate coastal water temperatures across more than 50% of the Gulf by at least 3 °C, and a volume of water equivalent to more than a third of the total volume of water between 0 and 10 m deep will pass through desalination plants each year. This will adversely impact the coastal ecosystem of the Gulf, with impacts on biodiversity, fisheries and coastal communities and may cause potential loss of species and habitats from the Gulf. Given the significant implications of these preliminary findings, and in light of the precautionary approach to management, it is recommended that mitigating options addressing behavioural, regulatory and technological change are rapidly evaluated and implemented to avoid the development of desalination in the region along a business as usual pathway, and multidisciplinary research studies should be conducted to reduce uncertainty in predictions of future impacts.



中文翻译:

海水淡化的发展是否与阿拉伯湾的可持续发展相适应?

海水淡化的发展对于阿拉伯湾沿岸国家的快速经济发展至关重要。目前从海湾取水的海水淡化厂产能超过2000万立方米3-1,可能会上升到8000万立方米3-1到 2050 年。在支持与水和卫生相关的可持续发展方面的同时,海水淡化通过影响和夹带摄入的生物体,以及通过热量、盐水和化学物质排放来影响海洋环境。这可能会损害与可持续利用海洋有关的其他可持续发展目标。在一切照旧的情景下,到 2050 年,各个海水淡化厂的影响将结合起来,造成区域规模的影响。如果不采取缓解措施来避免一切照旧的情景,到 2050 年,海水淡化与气候变化相结合,将使海湾地区 50% 以上的沿海水温升高至少 3°C,每年通过海水淡化厂的水量相当于 0 至 10 m 深水总体积的三分之一以上。这将对海湾的沿海生态系统产生不利影响,对生物多样性、渔业和沿海社区产生影响,并可能导致海湾物种和栖息地的潜在丧失。鉴于这些初步调查结果的重大影响,并鉴于管理的预防性方法,建议迅速评估和实施解决行为、监管和技术变化的缓解方案,以避免在该地区发展海水淡化,因为应进行多学科研究,以减少对未来影响预测的不确定性。这将对海湾的沿海生态系统产生不利影响,对生物多样性、渔业和沿海社区产生影响,并可能导致海湾物种和栖息地的潜在丧失。鉴于这些初步调查结果的重大影响,并鉴于管理的预防性方法,建议迅速评估和实施解决行为、监管和技术变化的缓解方案,以避免在该地区发展海水淡化,因为应进行多学科研究,以减少对未来影响预测的不确定性。这将对海湾的沿海生态系统产生不利影响,对生物多样性、渔业和沿海社区产生影响,并可能导致海湾物种和栖息地的潜在丧失。鉴于这些初步调查结果的重大影响,并鉴于管理的预防性方法,建议迅速评估和实施解决行为、监管和技术变化的缓解方案,以避免在该地区发展海水淡化,因为应进行多学科研究,以减少对未来影响预测的不确定性。

更新日期:2021-09-16
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